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0001 Attribution 4.0 International 0002 0003 ======================================================================= 0004 0005 Creative Commons Corporation ("Creative Commons") is not a law firm and 0006 does not provide legal services or legal advice. Distribution of 0007 Creative Commons public licenses does not create a lawyer-client or 0008 other relationship. Creative Commons makes its licenses and related 0009 information available on an "as-is" basis. Creative Commons gives no 0010 warranties regarding its licenses, any material licensed under their 0011 terms and conditions, or any related information. Creative Commons 0012 disclaims all liability for damages resulting from their use to the 0013 fullest extent possible. 0014 0015 Using Creative Commons Public Licenses 0016 0017 Creative Commons public licenses provide a standard set of terms and 0018 conditions that creators and other rights holders may use to share 0019 original works of authorship and other material subject to copyright 0020 and certain other rights specified in the public license below. The 0021 following considerations are for informational purposes only, are not 0022 exhaustive, and do not form part of our licenses. 0023 0024 Considerations for licensors: Our public licenses are 0025 intended for use by those authorized to give the public 0026 permission to use material in ways otherwise restricted by 0027 copyright and certain other rights. Our licenses are 0028 irrevocable. Licensors should read and understand the terms 0029 and conditions of the license they choose before applying it. 0030 Licensors should also secure all rights necessary before 0031 applying our licenses so that the public can reuse the 0032 material as expected. Licensors should clearly mark any 0033 material not subject to the license. This includes other CC- 0034 licensed material, or material used under an exception or 0035 limitation to copyright. More considerations for licensors: 0036 wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensors 0037 0038 Considerations for the public: By using one of our public 0039 licenses, a licensor grants the public permission to use the 0040 licensed material under specified terms and conditions. If 0041 the licensor's permission is not necessary for any reason--for 0042 example, because of any applicable exception or limitation to 0043 copyright--then that use is not regulated by the license. Our 0044 licenses grant only permissions under copyright and certain 0045 other rights that a licensor has authority to grant. Use of 0046 the licensed material may still be restricted for other 0047 reasons, including because others have copyright or other 0048 rights in the material. A licensor may make special requests, 0049 such as asking that all changes be marked or described. 0050 Although not required by our licenses, you are encouraged to 0051 respect those requests where reasonable. More considerations 0052 for the public: 0053 wiki.creativecommons.org/Considerations_for_licensees 0054 0055 ======================================================================= 0056 0057 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License 0058 0059 By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree 0060 to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons 0061 Attribution 4.0 International Public License ("Public License"). To the 0062 extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are 0063 granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of 0064 these terms and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in 0065 consideration of benefits the Licensor receives from making the 0066 Licensed Material available under these terms and conditions. 0067 0068 0069 Section 1 -- Definitions. 0070 0071 a. Adapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar 0072 Rights that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material 0073 and in which the Licensed Material is translated, altered, 0074 arranged, transformed, or otherwise modified in a manner requiring 0075 permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights held by the 0076 Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed 0077 Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, 0078 Adapted Material is always produced where the Licensed Material is 0079 synched in timed relation with a moving image. 0080 0081 b. Adapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright 0082 and Similar Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in 0083 accordance with the terms and conditions of this Public License. 0084 0085 c. Copyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights 0086 closely related to copyright including, without limitation, 0087 performance, broadcast, sound recording, and Sui Generis Database 0088 Rights, without regard to how the rights are labeled or 0089 categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the rights 0090 specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar 0091 Rights. 0092 0093 d. Effective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the 0094 absence of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws 0095 fulfilling obligations under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright 0096 Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996, and/or similar international 0097 agreements. 0098 0099 e. Exceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or 0100 any other exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights 0101 that applies to Your use of the Licensed Material. 0102 0103 f. Licensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, 0104 or other material to which the Licensor applied this Public 0105 License. 0106 0107 g. Licensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the 0108 terms and conditions of this Public License, which are limited to 0109 all Copyright and Similar Rights that apply to Your use of the 0110 Licensed Material and that the Licensor has authority to license. 0111 0112 h. Licensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights 0113 under this Public License. 0114 0115 i. Share means to provide material to the public by any means or 0116 process that requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such 0117 as reproduction, public display, public performance, distribution, 0118 dissemination, communication, or importation, and to make material 0119 available to the public including in ways that members of the 0120 public may access the material from a place and at a time 0121 individually chosen by them. 0122 0123 j. Sui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright 0124 resulting from Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of 0125 the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases, 0126 as amended and/or succeeded, as well as other essentially 0127 equivalent rights anywhere in the world. 0128 0129 k. You means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights 0130 under this Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning. 0131 0132 0133 Section 2 -- Scope. 0134 0135 a. License grant. 0136 0137 1. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, 0138 the Licensor hereby grants You a worldwide, royalty-free, 0139 non-sublicensable, non-exclusive, irrevocable license to 0140 exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to: 0141 0142 a. reproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or 0143 in part; and 0144 0145 b. produce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material. 0146 0147 2. Exceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where 0148 Exceptions and Limitations apply to Your use, this Public 0149 License does not apply, and You do not need to comply with 0150 its terms and conditions. 0151 0152 3. Term. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 0153 6(a). 0154 0155 4. Media and formats; technical modifications allowed. The 0156 Licensor authorizes You to exercise the Licensed Rights in 0157 all media and formats whether now known or hereafter created, 0158 and to make technical modifications necessary to do so. The 0159 Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or 0160 authority to forbid You from making technical modifications 0161 necessary to exercise the Licensed Rights, including 0162 technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective 0163 Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, 0164 simply making modifications authorized by this Section 2(a) 0165 (4) never produces Adapted Material. 0166 0167 5. Downstream recipients. 0168 0169 a. Offer from the Licensor -- Licensed Material. Every 0170 recipient of the Licensed Material automatically 0171 receives an offer from the Licensor to exercise the 0172 Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this 0173 Public License. 0174 0175 b. No downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose 0176 any additional or different terms or conditions on, or 0177 apply any Effective Technological Measures to, the 0178 Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the 0179 Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed 0180 Material. 0181 0182 6. No endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or 0183 may be construed as permission to assert or imply that You 0184 are, or that Your use of the Licensed Material is, connected 0185 with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted official status by, 0186 the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as 0187 provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i). 0188 0189 b. Other rights. 0190 0191 1. Moral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not 0192 licensed under this Public License, nor are publicity, 0193 privacy, and/or other similar personality rights; however, to 0194 the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not to 0195 assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited 0196 extent necessary to allow You to exercise the Licensed 0197 Rights, but not otherwise. 0198 0199 2. Patent and trademark rights are not licensed under this 0200 Public License. 0201 0202 3. To the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to 0203 collect royalties from You for the exercise of the Licensed 0204 Rights, whether directly or through a collecting society 0205 under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory 0206 licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly 0207 reserves any right to collect such royalties. 0208 0209 0210 Section 3 -- License Conditions. 0211 0212 Your exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the 0213 following conditions. 0214 0215 a. Attribution. 0216 0217 1. If You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified 0218 form), You must: 0219 0220 a. retain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor 0221 with the Licensed Material: 0222 0223 i. identification of the creator(s) of the Licensed 0224 Material and any others designated to receive 0225 attribution, in any reasonable manner requested by 0226 the Licensor (including by pseudonym if 0227 designated); 0228 0229 ii. a copyright notice; 0230 0231 iii. a notice that refers to this Public License; 0232 0233 iv. a notice that refers to the disclaimer of 0234 warranties; 0235 0236 v. a URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the 0237 extent reasonably practicable; 0238 0239 b. indicate if You modified the Licensed Material and 0240 retain an indication of any previous modifications; and 0241 0242 c. indicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this 0243 Public License, and include the text of, or the URI or 0244 hyperlink to, this Public License. 0245 0246 2. You may satisfy the conditions in Section 3(a)(1) in any 0247 reasonable manner based on the medium, means, and context in 0248 which You Share the Licensed Material. For example, it may be 0249 reasonable to satisfy the conditions by providing a URI or 0250 hyperlink to a resource that includes the required 0251 information. 0252 0253 3. If requested by the Licensor, You must remove any of the 0254 information required by Section 3(a)(1)(A) to the extent 0255 reasonably practicable. 0256 0257 4. If You Share Adapted Material You produce, the Adapter's 0258 License You apply must not prevent recipients of the Adapted 0259 Material from complying with this Public License. 0260 0261 0262 Section 4 -- Sui Generis Database Rights. 0263 0264 Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that 0265 apply to Your use of the Licensed Material: 0266 0267 a. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right 0268 to extract, reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial 0269 portion of the contents of the database; 0270 0271 b. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database 0272 contents in a database in which You have Sui Generis Database 0273 Rights, then the database in which You have Sui Generis Database 0274 Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material; and 0275 0276 c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share 0277 all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database. 0278 0279 For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not 0280 replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed 0281 Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights. 0282 0283 0284 Section 5 -- Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability. 0285 0286 a. UNLESS OTHERWISE SEPARATELY UNDERTAKEN BY THE LICENSOR, TO THE 0287 EXTENT POSSIBLE, THE LICENSOR OFFERS THE LICENSED MATERIAL AS-IS 0288 AND AS-AVAILABLE, AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF 0289 ANY KIND CONCERNING THE LICENSED MATERIAL, WHETHER EXPRESS, 0290 IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR OTHER. THIS INCLUDES, WITHOUT LIMITATION, 0291 WARRANTIES OF TITLE, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 0292 PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, ABSENCE OF LATENT OR OTHER DEFECTS, 0293 ACCURACY, OR THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF ERRORS, WHETHER OR NOT 0294 KNOWN OR DISCOVERABLE. WHERE DISCLAIMERS OF WARRANTIES ARE NOT 0295 ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS DISCLAIMER MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. 0296 0297 b. TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, IN NO EVENT WILL THE LICENSOR BE LIABLE 0298 TO YOU ON ANY LEGAL THEORY (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, 0299 NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, 0300 INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY, OR OTHER LOSSES, 0301 COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THIS PUBLIC LICENSE OR 0302 USE OF THE LICENSED MATERIAL, EVEN IF THE LICENSOR HAS BEEN 0303 ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES, COSTS, EXPENSES, OR 0304 DAMAGES. WHERE A LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IS NOT ALLOWED IN FULL OR 0305 IN PART, THIS LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. 0306 0307 c. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided 0308 above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent 0309 possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and 0310 waiver of all liability. 0311 0312 0313 Section 6 -- Term and Termination. 0314 0315 a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and 0316 Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with 0317 this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License 0318 terminate automatically. 0319 0320 b. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under 0321 Section 6(a), it reinstates: 0322 0323 1. automatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided 0324 it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the 0325 violation; or 0326 0327 2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor. 0328 0329 For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any 0330 right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations 0331 of this Public License. 0332 0333 c. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the 0334 Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop 0335 distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so 0336 will not terminate this Public License. 0337 0338 d. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public 0339 License. 0340 0341 0342 Section 7 -- Other Terms and Conditions. 0343 0344 a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different 0345 terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed. 0346 0347 b. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the 0348 Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and 0349 independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License. 0350 0351 0352 Section 8 -- Interpretation. 0353 0354 a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and 0355 shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose 0356 conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully 0357 be made without permission under this Public License. 0358 0359 b. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is 0360 deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the 0361 minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision 0362 cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License 0363 without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and 0364 conditions. 0365 0366 c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no 0367 failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the 0368 Licensor. 0369 0370 d. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted 0371 as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities 0372 that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal 0373 processes of any jurisdiction or authority. 0374 0375 0376 ======================================================================= 0377 0378 Creative Commons is not a party to its public 0379 licenses. Notwithstanding, Creative Commons may elect to apply one of 0380 its public licenses to material it publishes and in those instances 0381 will be considered the “Licensor.” The text of the Creative Commons 0382 public licenses is dedicated to the public domain under the CC0 Public 0383 Domain Dedication. Except for the limited purpose of indicating that 0384 material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as 0385 otherwise permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at 0386 creativecommons.org/policies, Creative Commons does not authorize the 0387 use of the trademark "Creative Commons" or any other trademark or logo 0388 of Creative Commons without its prior written consent including, 0389 without limitation, in connection with any unauthorized modifications 0390 to any of its public licenses or any other arrangements, 0391 understandings, or agreements concerning use of licensed material. For 0392 the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the 0393 public licenses. 0394 0395 Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org. 0396