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0001 <chapter id="advanced-editing-tools">
0002 <chapterinfo>
0003 <authorgroup>
0004 <author>&Anders.Lund; &Anders.Lund.mail;</author>
0005 <author>&Dominik.Haumann; &Dominik.Haumann.mail;</author>
0006 <!-- TRANS:ROLES_OF_TRANSLATORS -->
0007 </authorgroup>
0008 </chapterinfo>
0009 <title>Advanced Editing Tools</title>
0010 
0011 <sect1 id="advanced-editing-tools-comment">
0012 
0013 <title>Comment/Uncomment</title>
0014 
0015 <para>The <guimenuitem>Comment</guimenuitem> and <guimenuitem>Uncomment</guimenuitem> commands, available from the
0016 <guimenu>Tools</guimenu> menu allow you to add or remove comment
0017 markers to the selection, or the current line if no text is selected,
0018 if comments are supported by the format of the text you are
0019 editing.</para>
0020 
0021 <para>The rules for how commenting is done are defined in the syntax
0022 definitions, so if syntax highlighting is not used, commenting/uncommenting
0023 is not possible. </para>
0024 
0025 <para>Some formats define single line comment markers, some multiline
0026 markers and some both.  If multiline markers are not available,
0027 commenting out a selection that does not fully include its last line
0028 is not possible.</para>
0029 
0030 <para>If a single line marker is available, commenting single lines is
0031 preferred where applicable, as this helps to avoid problems with
0032 nested comments.</para>
0033 
0034 <para>When removing comment markers, no uncommented text should be
0035 selected. When removing multiline comment markers from a selection,
0036 any whitespace outside the comment markers is ignored.</para>
0037 
0038 <para><indexterm><primary>comment</primary></indexterm>
0039 To place comment markers, use the
0040 <menuchoice><guimenu>Tools</guimenu><guimenuitem>Comment</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
0041 menu item or the related keyboard shortcut sequence, the default is
0042 <keycombo action="simul">&Ctrl;<keycap>D</keycap></keycombo>.</para>
0043 
0044 <para><indexterm><primary>uncomment</primary></indexterm>
0045 To remove comment markers, use the
0046 <menuchoice><guimenu>Tools</guimenu><guimenuitem>Uncomment</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
0047 menu item or the related keyboard shortcut, the default is <keycombo
0048 action="simul">&Ctrl;&Shift;<keycap>D</keycap></keycombo>.</para>
0049 
0050 </sect1>
0051 
0052 <sect1 id="advanced-editing-tools-commandline">
0053 <title>The Editor Component Command Line</title>
0054 
0055 <para>&kappname;'s editor component has an internal command line, allowing you to
0056 perform various actions from a minimal &GUI;. The command line is a text entry
0057 at the bottom of the editor area; to show it select
0058 <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Switch to Command Line</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
0059 or use the shortcut (default is
0060 <keycombo action="simul"><keycap>F7</keycap></keycombo>). The editor provides
0061 a set of commands as documented below, and additional commands can be provided
0062 by plugins.</para>
0063 
0064 <para>To execute a command, type the command then press the return key. The
0065 command line will indicate whether it succeeded and possibly display a message. If
0066 you entered the command line by pressing <keycap>F7</keycap> it will
0067 automatically hide after a few seconds. To clear the message and enter a new
0068 command, press <keycap>F7</keycap> again.</para>
0069 
0070 <para>The command line has a built-in help system; issue the command
0071 <command>help</command> to get started. To see a list of all available commands
0072 issue <command>help list</command>; to view help for a specific command, do
0073 <command>help <replaceable>command</replaceable></command>.</para>
0074 
0075 <para>The command line has a built in history, so you can reuse commands already
0076 typed. To navigate the history, use the &Up; and
0077 &Down; keys. When showing historical commands, the argument part
0078 of the command will be selected, allowing you to easily overwrite the
0079 arguments.</para>
0080 
0081 <sect2 id="advanced-editing-tools-commandline-commands">
0082 <title>Standard Command Line Commands</title>
0083 
0084 <variablelist>
0085 <title>Argument types</title>
0086 
0087 <varlistentry>
0088 <term>BOOLEAN</term>
0089 <listitem><para>This is used with commands that turns things on or off.
0090 Legal values are <userinput>on</userinput>, <userinput>off</userinput>,
0091 <userinput>true</userinput>, <userinput>false</userinput>,
0092 <userinput>1</userinput> or <userinput>0</userinput>.</para></listitem>
0093 </varlistentry>
0094 
0095 <varlistentry>
0096 <term>INTEGER</term>
0097 <listitem><para>An integer number.</para></listitem>
0098 </varlistentry>
0099 
0100 <varlistentry>
0101 <term>STRING</term>
0102 <listitem><para>A string, surrounded by single quotes (') or double quotes (") when it contains spaces.</para></listitem>
0103 </varlistentry>
0104 
0105 </variablelist>
0106 
0107 
0108 
0109 <sect3 id="advanced-editing-tools-commandline-commands-configure">
0110 <title>Commands for Configuring the Editor</title>
0111 
0112 <para>These commands are provided by the editor component, and allow you to
0113 configure the active document and view only. This is handy if you want to use
0114 a setting different from the default settings, for example for indentation.
0115 </para>
0116 
0117 <variablelist>
0118 
0119 <varlistentry>
0120 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-tab-width</command><arg choice="req">INTEGER width</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0121 <listitem><para>Sets the tab width to the number <userinput>width</userinput>.</para></listitem>
0122 </varlistentry>
0123 
0124 <varlistentry>
0125 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-indent-width</command><arg choice="req">INTEGER width</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0126 <listitem><para>Sets the indentation width to the number
0127 <userinput>width</userinput>. Used only if you are indenting with
0128 spaces.</para></listitem>
0129 </varlistentry>
0130 
0131 <varlistentry>
0132 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-word-wrap-column</command><arg choice="req">INTEGER width</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0133 <listitem><para>Sets the line width for hard wrapping to
0134 <userinput>width</userinput>. This is used if you are having your text wrapped
0135 automatically.</para></listitem>
0136 </varlistentry>
0137 
0138 <varlistentry>
0139 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-icon-border</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN enable</arg>
0140 </cmdsynopsis></term>
0141 <listitem><para>Sets the visibility of the icon border.</para></listitem>
0142 </varlistentry>
0143 
0144 <varlistentry>
0145 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-folding-markers</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN enable</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0146 <listitem><para>Sets the visibility of the folding markers pane.</para></listitem>
0147 </varlistentry>
0148 
0149 <varlistentry>
0150 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-line-numbers</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN enable</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0151 <listitem><para>Sets the visibility of the line numbers pane.</para></listitem>
0152 </varlistentry>
0153 
0154 <varlistentry>
0155 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-replace-tabs</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN enable</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0156 <listitem><para>If enabled, tabs are replaced with spaces as you type.
0157 </para></listitem>
0158 </varlistentry>
0159 
0160 <varlistentry>
0161 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-remove-trailing-space</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN enable</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0162 <listitem><para>If enabled, trailing whitespace is removed whenever the cursor
0163 leaves a line.</para></listitem>
0164 </varlistentry>
0165 
0166 <varlistentry>
0167 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-show-tabs</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN enable</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0168 <listitem><para>If enabled, TAB characters and trailing whitespace will be
0169 visualized by a small dot.</para></listitem>
0170 </varlistentry>
0171 
0172 <varlistentry>
0173 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-show-indent</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN enable</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0174 <listitem><para>If enabled, indentation will be visualized by a vertical dotted
0175 line.</para></listitem>
0176 </varlistentry>
0177 
0178 <varlistentry>
0179 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-indent-spaces</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN enable</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0180 <listitem><para>If enabled, the editor will indent with
0181 <option>indent-width</option> spaces for each indentation level, rather than
0182 with one TAB character.</para></listitem>
0183 </varlistentry>
0184 
0185 <varlistentry>
0186 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-mixed-indent</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN enable</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0187 <listitem><para>If enabled, &kappname; will use a mix of TAB and spaces for
0188 indentation. Each indentation level will be <option>indent-width</option> wide,
0189 and more indentation levels will be optimized to use as many TAB characters as
0190 possible.</para>
0191 <para>When executed, this command will additionally set space indentation enabled,
0192 and if the indent width is unspecified it will be set to half of the
0193 <option>tab-width</option> for the document at the time of execution.</para></listitem>
0194 </varlistentry>
0195 
0196 <varlistentry>
0197 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-word-wrap</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN
0198 enable</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0199 <listitem><para>Enables dynamic word wrap according to
0200 <userinput>enable</userinput>.</para></listitem>
0201 </varlistentry>
0202 
0203 <varlistentry>
0204 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-replace-tabs-save</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN enable
0205 </arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0206 <listitem><para>When enabled, tabs will be replaced with whitespace whenever
0207  the document is saved.</para></listitem>
0208 </varlistentry>
0209 
0210 <varlistentry>
0211 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-remove-trailing-space-save</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN enable</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0212 <listitem><para>When enabled, trailing space will be removed from each line
0213 whenever the document is saved.</para></listitem>
0214 </varlistentry>
0215 
0216 <varlistentry>
0217 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-indent-mode</command><arg choice="req">STRING name</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0218 <listitem><para>Sets the autoindentation mode to <userinput>name</userinput>.
0219 If <userinput>name</userinput> is not known, the mode is set to 'none'. Valid
0220 modes are 'none', 'normal', 'cstyle', 'haskell', 'lilypond', 'lisp', 'python',
0221 'ruby' and 'xml'.</para></listitem>
0222 </varlistentry>
0223 
0224 <varlistentry>
0225 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-auto-ident</command><arg choice="req">BOOLEAN script</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0226 <listitem><para>Enable or disable autoindentation.</para></listitem>
0227 </varlistentry>
0228 
0229 <varlistentry>
0230 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-highlight</command><arg choice="req">STRING highlight</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0231 <listitem><para>Sets the syntax highlighting system for the document. The
0232 argument must be a valid highlight name, as seen in the
0233 <menuchoice><guimenu>Tools</guimenu><guisubmenu>Highlighting</guisubmenu></menuchoice>
0234 menu. This command provides an autocompletion list for its
0235 argument.</para></listitem>
0236 </varlistentry>
0237 
0238 <varlistentry>
0239 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>reload-scripts</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0240 <listitem><para>Reload all <link linkend="dev-scripting">&javascript;
0241 scripts</link> used by &kate;, including indenters and command line scripts.</para></listitem>
0242 </varlistentry>
0243 
0244 <varlistentry>
0245 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>set-mode</command><arg choice="req">STRING mode</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0246 <listitem><para>Choose the filetype scheme for the current document.
0247 </para></listitem>
0248 </varlistentry>
0249 
0250 <varlistentry>
0251 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>nn[oremap]</command><arg choice="req">STRING original</arg>
0252 <arg choice="req">STRING mapped</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0253 <listitem><para>Map the key sequence <userinput>original</userinput> to 
0254 <userinput>mapped</userinput>.</para></listitem>
0255 </varlistentry>
0256 
0257 </variablelist>
0258 
0259 </sect3>
0260 
0261 <sect3 id="advanced-editing-tools-commandline-commands-edit">
0262 <title>Commands for editing</title>
0263 
0264 <para>These commands modify the current document.</para>
0265 
0266 <variablelist>
0267 <varlistentry>
0268 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>indent</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0269 <listitem><para>Indents the selected lines or the current line.</para></listitem>
0270 </varlistentry>
0271 
0272 <varlistentry>
0273 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>unindent</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0274 <listitem><para>Unindents the selected lines or current line.</para></listitem>
0275 </varlistentry>
0276 
0277 <varlistentry>
0278 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>cleanindent</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0279 <listitem><para>Cleans up the indentation of the selected lines or current line
0280 according to the indentation settings in the document.
0281 </para></listitem>
0282 </varlistentry>
0283 
0284 <varlistentry>
0285 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>comment</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0286 <listitem><para>Inserts comment markers to make the selection or selected lines
0287 or current line a comment according to the text format as defined by the syntax
0288 highlight definition for the document.</para></listitem>
0289 </varlistentry>
0290 
0291 <varlistentry>
0292 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>uncomment</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0293 <listitem><para>Removes comment markers from the selection or selected lines
0294 or current line according to the text format as defined by the syntax highlight
0295 definition for the document.</para></listitem>
0296 </varlistentry>
0297 
0298 <varlistentry>
0299 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>kill-line</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0300 <listitem><para>Deletes the current line.</para></listitem>
0301 </varlistentry>
0302 
0303 <varlistentry>
0304 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>replace</command><arg choice="req"> STRING pattern</arg>
0305 <arg choice="req">STRING replacement</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0306 <listitem><para>Replaces text matching <userinput>pattern</userinput> with
0307 <userinput>replacement</userinput>. If you want to include whitespace in the
0308 <userinput>pattern</userinput>, you must quote both the <userinput>pattern</userinput>
0309 and <userinput>replacement</userinput> with single or double quotes. If the
0310 arguments are unquoted, the first word is used as <userinput>pattern</userinput>
0311 and the rest for <userinput>replacement</userinput>. If
0312 <userinput>replacement</userinput> is empty, each occurrence of
0313 <userinput>pattern</userinput> is removed.</para>
0314 <para>You can set flags to configure the search by adding a colon, followed
0315 by one or more letters each representing a configuration, giving the form
0316 <userinput>replace:options pattern replacement</userinput>. Available options
0317 are:
0318 
0319 <variablelist>
0320 
0321 <varlistentry>
0322 <term><userinput>b</userinput></term>
0323 <listitem><para>Search backwards.</para></listitem>
0324 </varlistentry>
0325 
0326 <varlistentry>
0327 <term><userinput>c</userinput></term>
0328 <listitem><para>Search from cursor position.</para></listitem>
0329 </varlistentry>
0330 
0331 <varlistentry>
0332 <term><userinput>e</userinput></term>
0333 <listitem><para>Search in the selection only.</para></listitem>
0334 </varlistentry>
0335 
0336 <varlistentry>
0337 <term><userinput>r</userinput></term>
0338 <listitem><para>Do regular expression search. If set, you may use
0339 <userinput>\N</userinput> where N is a number to represent captures in the
0340 replacement string.</para></listitem>
0341 </varlistentry>
0342 
0343 <varlistentry>
0344 <term><userinput>s</userinput></term>
0345 <listitem><para>Do case sensitive search.</para></listitem>
0346 </varlistentry>
0347 
0348 <varlistentry>
0349 <term><userinput>p</userinput></term>
0350 <listitem><para>Prompt for permission to replace the next occurrence.</para></listitem>
0351 </varlistentry>
0352 
0353 <varlistentry>
0354 <term><userinput>w</userinput></term>
0355 <listitem><para>Match whole words only.</para></listitem>
0356 </varlistentry>
0357 
0358 </variablelist>
0359 
0360 </para>
0361 </listitem>
0362 </varlistentry>
0363 
0364 <varlistentry>
0365 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>date</command><arg choice="req">STRING format</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0366 <listitem><para>Inserts a date/time string as defined by the specified
0367 <userinput>format</userinput>, or the format <quote>yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss</quote>
0368 if none is specified. The following translations are done when interpreting
0369 <userinput>format</userinput>:
0370 
0371 <informaltable>
0372 <tgroup cols="2">
0373 <tbody>
0374 <row><entry><literal>d</literal></entry><entry>The day as number without a leading zero (1-31).</entry></row>
0375 <row><entry><literal>dd</literal></entry><entry>The day as number with a leading zero (01-31).</entry></row>
0376 <row><entry><literal>ddd</literal></entry><entry>The abbreviated localized day name (&eg; 'Mon'..'Sun').</entry></row>
0377 <row><entry><literal>dddd</literal></entry><entry>The long localized day name (&eg; 'Monday'..'Sunday').</entry></row>
0378 <row><entry><literal>M</literal></entry><entry>The month as number without a leading zero (1-12).</entry></row>
0379 <row><entry><literal>MM</literal></entry><entry>The month as number with a leading zero (01-12).</entry></row>
0380 <row><entry><literal>MMMM</literal></entry><entry>The long localized month name (&eg; 'January'..'December').</entry></row>
0381 <row><entry><literal>MMM</literal></entry><entry>The abbreviated localized month name (&eg; 'Jan'..'Dec').</entry></row>
0382 <row><entry><literal>yy</literal></entry><entry>The year as two digit number
0383 (00-99).</entry></row>
0384 <row><entry><literal>yyyy</literal></entry><entry>The year as four digit number (1752-8000).</entry></row>
0385 <row><entry><literal>h</literal></entry><entry>The hour without a leading zero (0..23 or 1..12 if AM/PM display).</entry></row>
0386 <row><entry><literal>hh</literal></entry><entry>The hour with a leading zero (00..23 or 01..12 if AM/PM display).</entry></row>
0387 <row><entry><literal>m</literal></entry><entry>The minute without a leading zero (0..59).</entry></row>
0388 <row><entry><literal>mm</literal></entry><entry>The minute with a leading zero (00..59).</entry></row>
0389 <row><entry><literal>s</literal></entry><entry>The second without a leading zero (0..59).</entry></row>
0390 <row><entry><literal>ss</literal></entry><entry>The second with a leading zero (00..59).</entry></row>
0391 <row><entry><literal>z</literal></entry><entry>The milliseconds without leading zeroes (0..999).</entry></row>
0392 <row><entry><literal>zzz</literal></entry><entry>The milliseconds with leading zeroes (000..999).</entry></row>
0393 <row><entry><literal>AP</literal></entry><entry>Use AM/PM display. AP will be replaced by either "AM" or "PM".</entry></row>
0394 <row><entry><literal>ap</literal></entry><entry>Use am/pm display. ap will be replaced by either "am" or "pm".</entry></row>
0395 </tbody>
0396 </tgroup>
0397 </informaltable>
0398 
0399 </para></listitem>
0400 </varlistentry>
0401 
0402 <varlistentry>
0403 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>char</command><arg choice="req">STRING identifier</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0404 <listitem>
0405 <para>This command allows you to insert literal characters by their
0406 numerical identifier, in decimal, octal or hexadecimal form.
0407 To use it launch the Editing Command dialog and type <userinput>char:
0408 [number]</userinput> in the entry box, then hit
0409 <guibutton>OK</guibutton>.</para>
0410 
0411 <example>
0412 <title><command>char</command> examples</title>
0413 
0414 <para>Input: <userinput>char:234</userinput></para>
0415 <para>Output: <computeroutput>&#234;</computeroutput></para>
0416 <para>Input: <userinput>char:0x1234</userinput></para>
0417 <para>Output: <computeroutput>&#x1234;</computeroutput></para>
0418 </example>
0419 
0420 </listitem>
0421 </varlistentry>
0422 
0423 <varlistentry>
0424 <term>
0425 <indexterm><primary>replace, sed style</primary>
0426 <secondary>search, sed style</secondary></indexterm>
0427 <command>s///[ig]</command> <command>%s///[ig]</command></term>
0428 
0429 <listitem>
0430 <para>This command does a sed-like search/replace operation on the
0431 current line, or on the whole file (<command>%s///</command>).</para>
0432 
0433 <para>In short, the text is searched for text matching the
0434 <emphasis>search pattern</emphasis>, the regular expression between
0435 the first and the second slash, and when a match is found, the
0436 matching part of the text is replaced with the expression between the
0437 second and last slash. Parentheses in the search pattern
0438 create <emphasis>back references</emphasis>, that is the command
0439 remembers which part of the string matched in the parentheses; these
0440 strings can be reused in the replace pattern, referred to as
0441 <userinput>\1</userinput> for the first set of parentheses,
0442 <userinput>\2</userinput> for the second and so on.</para>
0443 
0444 <para>To search for a literal <literal>(</literal> or
0445 <literal>)</literal>, you need to <emphasis>escape</emphasis> it using
0446 a backslash character: <userinput>\(\)</userinput></para>
0447 
0448 <para>If you put an <userinput>i</userinput> at the end of the
0449 expression, the matching will be case insensitive. If you put a
0450 <userinput>g</userinput> at the end, all occurrences of the pattern will be
0451 replaced, otherwise only the first occurrence is replaced.</para>
0452 
0453 <example>
0454 
0455 <title>Replacing text in the current line</title>
0456 
0457 <para>Your friendly compiler just stopped, telling you that the class
0458 <classname>myClass</classname> mentioned in line 3902 in your source file
0459 is not defined.</para>
0460 
0461 <para>&quot;Buckle!&quot; you think, it is of course
0462 <classname>MyClass</classname>. You go to line 3902, and instead of trying
0463 to find the word in the text, you launch the Editing Command Dialog,
0464 enter <userinput>s/myclass/MyClass/i</userinput>, hit the
0465 <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button, save the file and compile &ndash;
0466 successfully without the error.</para>
0467 
0468 </example>
0469 
0470 <example>
0471 <title>Replacing text in the whole file</title>
0472 
0473 <para>Imagine that you have a file, in which you mention a <quote>Miss
0474 Jensen</quote> several times, when someone comes in and tells you that
0475 she just got married to <quote>Mr Jones</quote>. You want, of course,
0476 to replace each and every occurrence of <quote>Miss Jensen</quote>
0477 with <quote>Ms Jones</quote>.</para>
0478 
0479 <para>Enter the command line and issue the command
0480 <userinput>%s/Miss Jensen/Ms Jones/</userinput> and hit return, you
0481 are done.</para>
0482 
0483 </example>
0484 
0485 <example>
0486 <title>A More Advanced Example</title>
0487 
0488 <para>This example makes use of <emphasis>back references</emphasis>
0489 as well as a <emphasis>character class</emphasis> (if you do not know what
0490 that is, please refer to the related documentation mentioned
0491 below).</para>
0492 
0493 <para>Suppose you have the following line:
0494 
0495 <programlisting>void MyClass::DoStringOps( String      &amp;foo, String &amp;bar, String *p, int  &amp;a, int &amp;b )</programlisting>
0496 </para>
0497 <para>Now you realize that this is not nice code, and decide that you
0498 want to use the <constant>const</constant> keyword for all
0499 <quote>address of</quote> arguments, those characterized by the &amp;
0500 operator in front of the argument name. You would also like to
0501 simplify the white space, so that there is only 1 whitespace character
0502 between each word.</para>
0503 
0504 <para>Launch the Editing Command Dialog, and enter:
0505 <userinput>s/\s+(\w+)\s+(&amp;)/ const \1 \2/g</userinput> and hit the
0506 <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button. The <userinput>g</userinput> at the end of the expression makes
0507 the regular expression recompile for each match to save the <emphasis>backreferences</emphasis>.</para>
0508 
0509 <para>Output:
0510 
0511 <computeroutput>void MyClass::DoStringOps( const String &amp;foo, const String &amp;bar, String *p, const int &amp;a, const int &amp;b )</computeroutput></para>
0512 
0513 <para>Mission completed! Now, what happened? Well, we looked for some
0514 white space (<literal>\s+</literal>) followed by one or more
0515 alphabetic characters (<literal>\w+</literal>) followed by some more
0516 whitespace (<literal>\s+</literal>) followed by an ampersand, and in
0517 the process saved the alphabetic chunk and the ampersand for reuse in
0518 the replace operation. Then we replaced the matching part of our line
0519 with one whitespace followed by <quote>const</quote> followed by one
0520 whitespace followed by our saved alphabetical chunk
0521 (<literal>\1</literal>) followed by one whitespace followed by our
0522 saved ampersand (<literal>\2</literal>)</para>
0523 
0524 <para>Now in some cases the alphabetical chunk was
0525 <quote>String</quote>, in some <quote>int</quote>, so using the
0526 character class <literal>\w</literal> and the <literal>+</literal>
0527 quantifier proved a valuable asset.</para>
0528 
0529 </example>
0530 
0531 </listitem>
0532 
0533 </varlistentry>
0534 
0535 <varlistentry>
0536 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>sort</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0537 <listitem><para>Sorts the selected text or entire document.</para></listitem>
0538 </varlistentry>
0539 
0540 <varlistentry>
0541 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>natsort</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0542 <listitem><para>Sort the selected lines or entire document naturally.</para>
0543 
0544 <example>
0545 <title><command>sort</command> vs. <command>natsort</command></title>
0546 <para><userinput><command>sort</command>(a10, a1, a2)</userinput> results in
0547                             <computeroutput>a1, a10, a2</computeroutput></para>
0548 <para><userinput><command>natsort</command>(a10, a1, a2)</userinput> results in
0549                             <computeroutput>a1, a2, a10</computeroutput></para>
0550 </example></listitem>
0551 </varlistentry>
0552 
0553 <varlistentry>
0554 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>moveLinesDown</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0555 <listitem><para>Move selected lines down.</para></listitem>
0556 </varlistentry>
0557 
0558 <varlistentry>
0559 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>moveLinesUp</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0560 <listitem><para>Move selected lines up.</para></listitem>
0561 </varlistentry>
0562 
0563 <varlistentry>
0564 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>uniq</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0565 <listitem><para>Remove duplicated lines from the selected text or the whole
0566 document.</para></listitem>
0567 </varlistentry>
0568 
0569 <varlistentry>
0570 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>rtrim</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0571 <listitem><para>Remove trailing space from the selected text or the whole
0572 document.</para></listitem>
0573 </varlistentry>
0574 
0575 <varlistentry>
0576 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>ltrim</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0577 <listitem><para>Remove leading space from the selected text or the whole
0578 document.</para></listitem>
0579 </varlistentry>
0580 
0581 <varlistentry>
0582 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>join</command><arg choice="opt">STRING separator</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0583 <listitem><para>Join selected lines or whole document.  Optionally takes a parameter
0584 defining a separator, for example:  <userinput><command>join</command> ', '</userinput>
0585 </para></listitem>
0586 </varlistentry>
0587 
0588 <varlistentry>
0589 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>rmblank</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0590 <listitem><para>Remove all blank spaces from the selected text or the whole
0591 document.</para></listitem>
0592 </varlistentry>
0593 
0594 <varlistentry>
0595 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>alignon</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0596 <listitem>
0597 <para>This command aligns lines in the selected block or whole document on the column given by a regular expression given as an argument.</para>
0598 <para>If you give an empty pattern it will align on the first non-blank character by default.</para>
0599 <para>If the pattern has a capture it will indent on the captured match.</para>
0600 <para><emphasis>Examples:</emphasis></para>
0601 <para><userinput>alignon -</userinput> will insert spaces before the first '-' of each lines to align them all on the same column.</para>
0602 <para><userinput>alignon :\\s+(.)</userinput> will insert spaces before the first non-blank character that occurs after a colon to align them all on the same column.</para>
0603 </listitem>
0604 </varlistentry>
0605 
0606 <varlistentry>
0607 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>unwrap</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0608 <listitem><para>Unwrap the selected text or the whole document.</para></listitem>
0609 </varlistentry>
0610 
0611 <varlistentry>
0612 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>each</command><arg choice="req">STRING script</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0613 <listitem><para>Given a &javascript; function as an argument, call that for the list of
0614 selected lines and replace them with the return value of that callback.</para>
0615 
0616 <example>
0617 <title>Join selected lines</title>
0618 <para><userinput><command>each</command> 'function(lines){return lines.join(", ")}'
0619 </userinput></para>
0620 
0621 <para>Or, more briefly:</para>
0622 <para><userinput><command>each</command> 'lines.join(", ")'</userinput></para>
0623 </example>
0624 
0625 </listitem>
0626 </varlistentry>
0627 
0628 
0629 
0630 <varlistentry>
0631 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>filter</command><arg choice="req">STRING script</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0632 <listitem><para>Given a &javascript; function as an argument, call that for the list of
0633 selected lines and remove those where the callback returns false.</para>
0634 
0635 <example>
0636 <title>Remove blank lines</title>
0637 <para><userinput><command>filter</command> 'function(1){return 1.length > 0;}'
0638 </userinput></para>
0639 
0640 <para>Or, more briefly:</para>
0641 <para><userinput><command>filter</command> 'line.length > 0'</userinput></para>
0642 </example>
0643 
0644 </listitem>
0645 </varlistentry>
0646 
0647 <varlistentry>
0648 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>map</command><arg choice="req">STRING script</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0649 <listitem><para>Given a &javascript; function as an argument, call that for the list of
0650 selected lines and replace the line with the value of the callback.</para>
0651 
0652 <example>
0653 <title>Remove blank lines</title>
0654 <para><userinput><command>map</command> 'function(line){return
0655 line.replace(/^s+/,"");}'
0656 </userinput></para>
0657 
0658 <para>Or, more briefly:</para>
0659 <para><userinput><command>map</command> 'line.replace(/^s+/,"")'</userinput></para>
0660 </example>
0661 
0662 </listitem>
0663 </varlistentry>
0664 
0665 <varlistentry>
0666 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>duplicateLinesUp</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0667 <listitem><para>Duplicate the selected lines above the current selection.</para>
0668 </listitem>
0669 </varlistentry>
0670 
0671 <varlistentry>
0672 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>duplicateLinesDown</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0673 <listitem><para>Duplicate the selected lines below the current selection.</para>
0674 </listitem>
0675 </varlistentry>
0676 
0677 </variablelist>
0678 
0679 </sect3>
0680 
0681 <sect3 id="advanced-editing-tools-commandline-commands-navigation">
0682 <title>Commands for navigation</title>
0683 
0684 <variablelist>
0685 
0686 <varlistentry>
0687 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>goto</command><arg choice="req">INT line</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0688 <listitem><para>This command navigates to the specified line.</para></listitem>
0689 </varlistentry>
0690 
0691 <varlistentry>
0692 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>grep</command> <arg choice="req">STRING pattern</arg>
0693 </cmdsynopsis></term>
0694 <listitem><para>Search the document for the regular expression
0695 <userinput>pattern</userinput>. For more information, see
0696 <xref linkend="regular-expressions" />.</para>
0697 </listitem>
0698 </varlistentry>
0699 
0700 <varlistentry>
0701 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>find</command><arg choice="req">STRING pattern</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0702 <listitem><para>This command navigates to the first occurrence of
0703 <userinput>pattern</userinput> according to the configuration. Following
0704 occurrences can be found using
0705 <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Find Next</guimenuitem></menuchoice>
0706 (the default shortcut is <keycap>F3</keycap>).</para>
0707 <para>The find command can be configured by appending a colon followed by one or
0708 more options, the form is
0709 <userinput>find:options pattern</userinput>. The
0710     following options are supported:</para>
0711 
0712 <variablelist>
0713 
0714 <varlistentry>
0715 <term><userinput>b</userinput></term>
0716 <listitem><para>Search backwards.</para></listitem>
0717 </varlistentry>
0718 
0719 <varlistentry>
0720 <term><userinput>c</userinput></term>
0721 <listitem><para>Search from cursor position.</para></listitem>
0722 </varlistentry>
0723 
0724 <varlistentry>
0725 <term><userinput>e</userinput></term>
0726 <listitem><para>Search in the selection only.</para></listitem>
0727 </varlistentry>
0728 
0729 <varlistentry>
0730 <term><userinput>r</userinput></term>
0731 <listitem><para>Do regular expression search. If set, you may use
0732 <userinput>\N</userinput> where N is a number to represent captures in the
0733 replacement string.</para></listitem>
0734 </varlistentry>
0735 
0736 <varlistentry>
0737 <term><userinput>s</userinput></term>
0738 <listitem><para>Do case sensitive search.</para></listitem>
0739 </varlistentry>
0740 
0741 <varlistentry>
0742 <term><userinput>w</userinput></term>
0743 <listitem><para>Match whole words only.</para></listitem>
0744 </varlistentry>
0745 
0746 </variablelist>
0747 </listitem>
0748 
0749 </varlistentry>
0750 
0751 <varlistentry>
0752 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>ifind</command><arg choice="req">STRING pattern</arg></cmdsynopsis></term>
0753 <listitem><para>This command provides <quote>as-you-type</quote> searching. You
0754 can configure the behavior of the search by appending a colon
0755 followed by one or more options, like this:
0756 <userinput>ifind:options pattern</userinput>. Allowed options are:
0757 
0758 <variablelist>
0759 <varlistentry>
0760 <term><userinput>b</userinput></term>
0761 <listitem><para>Search backwards.</para></listitem>
0762 </varlistentry>
0763 
0764 <varlistentry>
0765 <term><userinput>r</userinput></term>
0766 <listitem><para>Do regular expression search.</para></listitem>
0767 </varlistentry>
0768 
0769 <varlistentry>
0770 <term><userinput>s</userinput></term>
0771 <listitem><para>Do case sensitive search.</para></listitem>
0772 </varlistentry>
0773 
0774 <varlistentry>
0775 <term><userinput>c</userinput></term>
0776 <listitem><para>Search from cursor position.</para></listitem>
0777 </varlistentry>
0778 
0779 </variablelist>
0780 </para></listitem>
0781 </varlistentry>
0782 
0783 </variablelist>
0784 
0785 </sect3>
0786 
0787 
0788 <sect3 id="advanced-editing-tools-commandline-commands-basic">
0789 <title>Commands for Basic Editor Functions (These depend on the application the editor component is used in)</title>
0790 
0791 <variablelist>
0792 
0793 <varlistentry>
0794 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>w</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0795 <listitem><para>Save the current document.</para></listitem>
0796 </varlistentry>
0797 
0798 <varlistentry>
0799 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>wa</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0800 <listitem><para>Save all currently open documents.</para></listitem>
0801 </varlistentry>
0802 
0803 <varlistentry>
0804 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>q</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0805 <listitem><para>Close the current document.</para></listitem>
0806 </varlistentry>
0807 
0808 <varlistentry>
0809 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>qa</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0810 <listitem><para>Close all open documents.</para></listitem>
0811 </varlistentry>
0812 
0813 <varlistentry>
0814 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>wq</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0815 <listitem><para>Save and close the current document.</para></listitem>
0816 </varlistentry>
0817 
0818 <varlistentry>
0819 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>wqa</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0820 <listitem><para>Save and close all currently open documents.</para></listitem>
0821 </varlistentry>
0822 
0823 <varlistentry>
0824 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>x</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0825 <listitem><para>Save and close the current document only if it has changed.
0826 </para></listitem>
0827 </varlistentry>
0828 
0829 <varlistentry>
0830 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>x</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0831 <listitem><para>Save and close all currently open documents only if they have
0832 changed.</para></listitem>
0833 </varlistentry>
0834 
0835 <varlistentry>
0836 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>bp</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0837 <listitem><para>Go to the previous document in the documents list.
0838 </para></listitem>
0839 </varlistentry>
0840 
0841 <varlistentry>
0842 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>bn</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0843 <listitem><para>Go to the next document in the documents list.
0844 </para></listitem>
0845 </varlistentry>
0846 
0847 <varlistentry>
0848 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>new</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0849 <listitem><para>Open a new document in horizontal split view.
0850 </para></listitem>
0851 </varlistentry>
0852 
0853 <varlistentry>
0854 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>vnew</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0855 <listitem><para>Open a new document in vertical split view.
0856 </para></listitem>
0857 </varlistentry>
0858 
0859 <varlistentry>
0860 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>e</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0861 <listitem><para>Reload the current document if it has changed on disk.
0862 </para></listitem>
0863 </varlistentry>
0864 
0865 <varlistentry>
0866 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>enew</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0867 <listitem><para>Edit a new document.
0868 </para></listitem>
0869 </varlistentry>
0870 
0871 <varlistentry>
0872 <term><cmdsynopsis><command>print</command></cmdsynopsis></term>
0873 <listitem><para>Open the Print dialog to print the current document.
0874 </para></listitem>
0875 </varlistentry>
0876 
0877 </variablelist>
0878 
0879 </sect3>
0880 
0881 
0882 </sect2>
0883 
0884 </sect1>
0885 
0886 <sect1 id="advanced-editing-tools-code-folding">
0887 <title>Using Code Folding</title>
0888 
0889 <para>Code folding allows you to hide parts of a document in the editor, making
0890 it easier to overview large documents. In &kappname; the foldable regions are
0891 calculated using rules defined in the syntax highlight definitions, and
0892 therefore it is only available in some formats - typically program source code,
0893 XML markup and similar. Most highlight definitions supporting code folding
0894 also lets you manually define foldable regions, typically using the
0895 <userinput>BEGIN</userinput> and <userinput>END</userinput> keywords.</para>
0896 
0897 <para>To use the code folding feature, activate the folding markers using
0898 <menuchoice><guimenu>View</guimenu><guimenuitem>Show Folding
0899 Markers</guimenuitem></menuchoice> menu item if they are not already visible.
0900 The Folding Markers Pane on the left side of the screen displays a graphical
0901 view of the foldable regions, with triangle symbols to indicate the possible operation
0902 on a given region: a top down triangle means that the region is expanded, clicking it will
0903 collapse the region and a right pointing triangle will be displayed instead.</para>
0904 <!--FIXME change Three to Four when Unfold Toplevel Nodes action is back-->
0905 <para>Three commands are provided to manipulate the state of folding regions,
0906  see the <link linkend="view-code-folding">menu documentation</link>.
0907  </para>
0908 
0909 <para>The folded lines are remembered when a file is closed, so when you reopen
0910 the file the folded nodes will still be folded. This applies to reload operations
0911 as well.</para>
0912 
0913 <para>If you do not want to use the code folding feature, you can disable
0914 the <guilabel>Show folding markers (if available)</guilabel> option in the
0915 <link linkend="appearance">Appearance</link> page of the editor
0916 configuration.</para>
0917 
0918 </sect1>
0919 
0920 </chapter>