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 # Installation
 
 ## Requirements
 
 Below is an overall list of SOCI core:
 
 * C++ compiler: [GCC](http://gcc.gnu.org/), [Microsoft Visual C++](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualc), [LLVM/clang](http://clang.llvm.org/)
 * [CMake](http://www.cmake.org) 2.8+ - in order to use build configuration for CMake
 * [Boost C++ Libraries](http://www.boost.org): DateTime, Fusion, Optional, Preprocessor, Tuple
 
 and backend-specific dependencies:
 
 * [DB2 Call Level Interface (CLI)](http://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/db2luw/v10r1/topic/com.ibm.swg.im.dbclient.install.doc/doc/c0023452.html)
 * [Firebird client library](http://www.firebirdsql.org/manual/ufb-cs-clientlib.html)
 * [mysqlclient](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/c-api.html) - C API to MySQL
 * ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) implementation: [Microsoft ODBC](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms710252.aspx) [iODBC](http://www.iodbc.org/), [unixODBC](http://www.unixodbc.org/)
 * [Oracle Call Interface (OCI)](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/oci/index.html)
 * [libpq](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq.html) - C API to PostgreSQL
 * [SQLite 3](http://www.sqlite.org/) library
 
 ## Downloads
 
 Download package with latest release of the SOCI source code:
 [soci-X.Y.Z](https://sourceforge.net/projects/soci/),
 where X.Y.Z is the version number. Unpack the archive.
 
 You can always clone SOCI from the Git repository:
 
 ```console
 git clone git://github.com/SOCI/soci.git
 ```
 
 ## Building with CMake
 
 SOCI is configured to build using [CMake](http://cmake.org/) system in version 2.8+.
 
 The build configuration allows to control various aspects of compilation and
 installation by setting common CMake variables that change behaviour, describe
 system or control build (see [CMake help](http://cmake.org/cmake/help/documentation.html))
 as well as SOCI-specific variables described below.
 All these variables are available regardless of platform or compilation toolset used.
 
 Running CMake from the command line allows to set variables in the CMake cache
 with the following syntax: `-DVARIABLE:TYPE=VALUE`. If you are new to CMake,
 you may find the tutorial [Running CMake](http://cmake.org/cmake/help/runningcmake.html) helpful.
 
 ### Running CMake on Unix
 
 Steps outline using GNU Make `Makefile`-s:
 
 ```console
 mkdir build
 cd build
 cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DWITH_BOOST=OFF -DWITH_ORACLE=OFF (...) /path/to/soci-X.Y.Z
 make
 make install
 ```
 
 ### Running CMake on Windows
 
 Steps outline using Visual Studio 2010 and MSBuild:
 
 ```console
 mkdir build
 cd build
 cmake -G "Visual Studio 10" -DWITH_BOOST=OFF -DWITH_ORACLE=OFF (...) C:\path\to\soci-X.Y.Z
 msbuild.exe SOCI.sln
 ```
 
 ### CMake configuration
 
 By default, CMake will try to determine availability of all dependencies automatically.
 If you are lucky, you will not need to specify any of the CMake variables explained below.
 However, if CMake reports some of the core or backend-specific dependencies
 as missing, you will need specify relevant variables to tell CMake where to look
 for the required components.
 
 CMake configures SOCI build performing sequence of steps.
 Each subsequent step is dependant on result of previous steps corresponding with particular feature.
 First, CMake checks system platform and compilation toolset.
 Next, CMake tries to find all external dependencies.
 Then, depending on the results of the dependency check, CMake determines SOCI backends which are possible to build.
 The SOCI-specific variables described below provide users with basic control of this behaviour.
 
 The following sections provide summary of variables accepted by CMake scripts configuring SOCI build.
 The lists consist of common variables for SOCI core and all backends as well as variables specific to SOCI backends and their direct dependencies.
 
 List of a few essential CMake variables:
 
 * `CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE` - string - Specifies the build type for make based generators (see CMake [help](http://cmake.org/cmake/help/cmake-2-8-docs.html#variable:CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)).
 * `CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX` - path - Install directory used by install command (see CMake [help](http://cmake.org/cmake/help/cmake-2-8-docs.html#variable:CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX)).
 * `CMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE` - boolean - If ON, create verbose makefile (see CMake [help](http://cmake.org/cmake/help/cmake-2-8-docs.html#variable:CMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE)).
 
 List of variables to control common SOCI features and dependencies:
 
 * `SOCI_SHARED` - boolean - Request to build shared libraries for SOCI core and all successfully configured backends. Default is `ON`.
 * `SOCI_STATIC` - boolean - Request to build static libraries for SOCI core and all successfully configured backends. Default is `ON`.
 * `SOCI_TESTS` - boolean - Request to build regression tests for SOCI core and all successfully configured backends.
 * `WITH_BOOST` - boolean - Should CMake try to detect [Boost C++ Libraries](http://www.boost.org/). If ON, CMake will try to find Boost headers and binaries of [Boost.Date_Time](http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/release/doc/html/date_time.html) library.
 
 Some other build options:
 
 * `SOCI_ASAN` - boolean - Build with address sanitizer (ASAN) support. Useful for finding problems when debugging, but shouldn't be used for the production builds due to extra overhead. Default is `OFF`.
 * `SOCI_LTO` - boolean - Build with link-time optimizations, if supported. This produces noticeably smaller libraries. Default is `OFF`, but turning it on is recommended for the production builds.
 * `SOCI_VISIBILITY` - boolean - Use hidden ELF visibility for private symbols if supported by the platform. This option produces smaller libraries by avoiding exporting internal function symbols. Default is `ON`.
 
 #### Empty (sample backend)
 
 * `SOCI_EMPTY` - boolean - Builds the [sample backend](backends/index.md) called Empty. Always ON by default.
 * `SOCI_EMPTY_TEST_CONNSTR` - string - Connection string used to run regression tests of the Empty backend. It is a dummy value. Example: `-DSOCI_EMPTY_TEST_CONNSTR="dummy connection"`
 
 #### IBM DB2
 
 * `WITH_DB2` - boolean - Should CMake try to detect IBM DB2 Call Level Interface (CLI) library.
 * `DB2_INCLUDE_DIR` - string - Path to DB2 CLI include directories where CMake should look for `sqlcli1.h` header.
 * `DB2_LIBRARIES` - string - Full paths to  `db2` or `db2api` libraries to link SOCI against to enable the backend support.
 * `SOCI_DB2` - boolean - Requests to build [DB2](backends/db2.md) backend. Automatically switched on, if `WITH_DB2` is set to ON.
 * `SOCI_DB2_TEST_CONNSTR` - string - See [DB2 backend reference](backends/db2.md) for details. Example: `-DSOCI_DB2_TEST_CONNSTR:STRING="DSN=SAMPLE;Uid=db2inst1;Pwd=db2inst1;autocommit=off"`
 
 #### Firebird
 
 * `WITH_FIREBIRD` - boolean - Should CMake try to detect Firebird client library.
 * `FIREBIRD_INCLUDE_DIR` - string - Path to Firebird include directories where CMake should look for `ibase.h` header.
 * `FIREBIRD_LIBRARIES` - string - Full paths to Firebird `fbclient` or `fbclient_ms` libraries to link SOCI against to enable the backend support.
 * `SOCI_FIREBIRD` - boolean - Requests to build [Firebird](backends/firebird.md) backend. Automatically switched on, if `WITH_FIREBIRD` is set to ON.
 * `SOCI_FIREBIRD_TEST_CONNSTR` - string - See [Firebird backend reference](backends/firebird.md) for details. Example: `-DSOCI_FIREBIRD_TEST_CONNSTR:STRING="service=LOCALHOST:/tmp/soci_test.fdb user=SYSDBA password=masterkey"`
 
 #### MySQL
 
 * `WITH_MYSQL` - boolean - Should CMake try to detect [mysqlclient](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/c-api.html) libraries providing MySQL C API. Note, currently the [mysql_config](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/c-api-building-clients.html) program is not being used.
 * `MYSQL_DIR` - string - Path to MySQL installation root directory. CMake will scan subdirectories `MYSQL_DIR/include` and `MYSQL_DIR/lib` respectively for MySQL headers and libraries.
 * `MYSQL_INCLUDE_DIR` - string - Path to MySQL include directory where CMake should look for `mysql.h` header.
 * `MYSQL_LIBRARIES` - string - Full paths to libraries to link SOCI against to enable the backend support.
 * `SOCI_MYSQL` - boolean - Requests to build [MySQL](backends/mysql.md) backend. Automatically switched on, if `WITH_MYSQL` is set to ON.
 * `SOCI_MYSQL_TEST_CONNSTR` - string - Connection string to MySQL test database. Format of the string is explained [MySQL backend reference](backends/mysql.md). Example: `-DSOCI_MYSQL_TEST_CONNSTR:STRING="db=mydb user=mloskot password=secret"`
 
 #### ODBC
 
 * `WITH_ODBC` - boolean - Should CMake try to detect ODBC libraries. On Unix systems, CMake tries to find [unixODBC](http://www.unixodbc.org/) or [iODBC](http://www.iodbc.org/) implementations.
 * `ODBC_INCLUDE_DIR` - string - Path to ODBC implementation include directories where CMake should look for `sql.h` header.
 * `ODBC_LIBRARIES` - string - Full paths to libraries to link SOCI against to enable the backend support.
 * `SOCI_ODBC` - boolean - Requests to build [ODBC](backends/odbc.md) backend. Automatically switched on, if `WITH_ODBC` is set to ON.
 * `SOCI_ODBC_TEST_{database}_CONNSTR` - string - ODBC Data Source Name (DSN) or ODBC File Data Source Name (FILEDSN) to test database: Microsoft Access (.mdb), Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL, PostgreSQL or any other ODBC SQL data source. {database} is placeholder for name of database driver ACCESS, MYSQL, POSTGRESQL, etc. See [ODBC](backends/odbc.md) backend reference for details. Example: `-DSOCI_ODBC_TEST_POSTGRESQL_CONNSTR="FILEDSN=/home/mloskot/soci/build/test-postgresql.dsn"`
 
 #### Oracle
 
 * `WITH_ORACLE` - boolean - Should CMake try to detect [Oracle Call Interface (OCI)](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_Call_Interface) libraries.
 * `ORACLE_INCLUDE_DIR` - string - Path to Oracle include directory where CMake should look for `oci.h` header.
 * `ORACLE_LIBRARIES` - string - Full paths to libraries to link SOCI against to enable the backend support.
 * `SOCI_ORACLE` - boolean - Requests to build [Oracle](backends/oracle.md) backend. Automatically switched on, if `WITH_ORACLE` is set to ON.
 * `SOCI_ORACLE_TEST_CONNSTR` - string - Connection string to Oracle test database. Format of the string is explained [Oracle backend reference](backends/oracle.md). Example: `-DSOCI_ORACLE_TEST_CONNSTR:STRING="service=orcl user=scott password=tiger"`
 
 #### PostgreSQL
 
 * `WITH_POSTGRESQL` - boolean - Should CMake try to detect PostgreSQL client interface libraries. SOCI relies on [libpq](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq.html") C library.
 * `POSTGRESQL_INCLUDE_DIR` - string - Path to PostgreSQL include directory where CMake should look for `libpq-fe.h` header.
 * `POSTGRESQL_LIBRARY` - string - Full paths to libraries to link SOCI against to enable the backend support. The `POSTGRESQL_LIBRARIES` will be set with PostgreSQL libraries needed for linking.
 * `SOCI_POSTGRESQL` - boolean - Requests to build [PostgreSQL](backends/postgresql.md) backend. Automatically switched on, if `WITH_POSTGRESQL` is set to ON.
 * `SOCI_POSTGRESQL_TEST_CONNSTR` - string - Connection string to PostgreSQL test database. Format of the string is explained PostgreSQL backend reference. Example: `-DSOCI_POSTGRESQL_TEST_CONNSTR:STRING="dbname=mydb user=scott"`
 
 #### SQLite 3
 
 * `WITH_SQLITE3` - boolean - Should CMake try to detect SQLite C/C++ library. As bonus, the configuration tries OSGeo4W distribution if OSGEO4W_ROOT environment variable is set.
 * `SQLITE3_INCLUDE_DIR` - string - Path to SQLite 3 include directory where CMake should look for `sqlite3.h` header.
 * `SQLITE3_LIBRARY` - string - Full paths to libraries to link SOCI against to enable the backend support.
 * `SOCI_SQLITE3` - boolean - Requests to build [SQLite3](backends/sqlite3.md) backend. Automatically switched on, if `WITH_SQLITE3` is set to ON.
 * `SOCI_SQLITE3_TEST_CONNSTR` - string - Connection string is simply a file path where SQLite3 test database will be created (e.g. /home/john/soci_test.db). Check [SQLite3 backend reference](backends/sqlite3.md) for details. Example: `-DSOCI_SQLITE3_TEST_CONNSTR="my.db"` or `-DSOCI_SQLITE3_TEST_CONNSTR=":memory:"`.
 
 ## Building with Makefiles on Unix
 
 *NOTE: These (classic) Makefiles have not been maintained for long time.
 The officially maintained build configuration is CMake.
 If you still want to use these Makefiles, you've been warned that you may need to patch them.*
 
 The classic set of Makefiles for Unix/Linux systems is provided for those users who need complete control over the whole processand who can benefit from the basic scaffolding that they can extend on their own.
 In this sense, the basic Makefiles are supposed to provide a minimal starting point for custom experimentation and are not intended to be a complete build/installation solution.
 At the same time, they are complete in the sense that they can compile the library with all test programs and for some users this level of support will be just fine.
 
 The `core` directory of the library distribution contains the `Makefile.basic` that can be used to compile the core part of the library.
 Run `make -f Makefile.basic` or `make -f Makefile.basic shared` to get the static and shared versions, respectively.
 Similarly, the `backends/<i>name</i>` directory contains the backend part for each supported backend with the appropriate `Makefile.basic` and the `backends/<i>name</i>/test` directory contains the test program for the given backend.
 
 For example, the simplest way to compile the static version of the library and the test program for PostgreSQL is:
 
 ```console
 cd src/core
 make -f Makefile.basic
 cd ../backends/postgresql
 make -f Makefile.basic
 cd test
 make -f Makefile.basic
 ```
 
 For each backend and its test program, the `Makefile.basic`s contain the variables that can have values specific to the given environment - they usually name the include and library paths.
 These variables are placed at the beginning of the `Makefile.basic`s.
 Please review their values in case of any compilation problems.
 
 The Makefiles for test programs can be a good starting point to find out correct compiler and linker options.
 
 ## Building with Conan
 
 SOCI is available as a [Conan](https://docs.conan.io/en/latest/) package since
 February 2021 for the version [4.0.1](https://conan.io/center/soci) for the
 following backends: sqlite3, odbc, mysql, and postgresql.
 
 This section lists the steps required to use SOCI in a CMake project with Conan:
 
 ### Install Conan
 
 Install Conan if it is not installed yet:
 
 ```console
 pip3 install conan
 ```
 
 ### Create `conanfile.txt`
 
 Create a `conanfile.txt` in the same directory of the `CMakeLists.txt`, with a
 _reference to a recipe_ (which is a string with the library name and the
 version to use), the build options, and the CMake generator:
 
 ```text
 # conanfile.txt
 [requires]
 soci/4.0.1
 
 [options]
 soci:shared       = True
 soci:with_sqlite3 = True
 
 [generators]
 cmake
 ```
 
 The option `soci:with_sqlite3 = True` indicates that the `sqlite3` backend will
 be downloaded and used.
 
 ### Update `CMakeLists.txt`
 
 Add the following Conan-specific lines to the `CMakeLists.txt` of your project:
 
 ```cmake
 include(${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/conanbuildinfo.cmake)
 conan_basic_setup(TARGETS)
 conan_target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${CONAN_LIBS})
 ```
 
 The command `conan_target_link_libraries` replaces `target_link_libraries`.
 
 ### Run Conan
 
 Run `conan install` to install SOCI, and then build your project as usual:
 
 ```bash
 mkdir build
 cd build
 conan install .. --build=soci
 cmake ..
 cmake . --build
 ```
 
 ## Running tests
 
 The process of running regression tests highly depends on user's environment and build configuration, so it may be quite involving process.
 The CMake configuration provides variables to allow users willing to run the tests to configure build and specify database connection parameters (see the lists above for variable names).
 
 In order to run regression tests, configure and build desired SOCI backends and prepare working database instances for them.
 
 While configuring build with CMake, specify `SOCI_TESTS=ON` to enable building regression tests.
 Also, specify `SOCI_{backend name}_TEST_CONNSTR` variables to tell the tests runner how to connect with your test databases.
 
 Dedicated `make test` target can be used to execute regression tests on build completion:
 
 ```console
 mkdir build
 cd build
 cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" \
         -DWITH_BOOST=OFF \
         -DSOCI_TESTS=ON \
         -DSOCI_EMPTY_TEST_CONNSTR="dummy connection" \
         -DSOCI_SQLITE3_TEST_CONNSTR="test.db" \
         (...)
         ../soci-X.Y.Z
 make
 make test
 make install
 ```
 
 In the example above, regression tests for the sample Empty backend and SQLite 3 backend are configured for execution by `make test` target.
 
 ## Using library
 
 CMake build produces set of shared and static libraries for SOCI core and backends separately.
 On Unix, for example, `build/lib` directory will consist of the static libraries named like `libsoci_core.a`, `libsoci_sqlite3.a` and shared libraries with names like `libsoci_core.so.4.0.0`, `libsoci_sqlite3.so.4.0.0`, and so on.
 
 If your project also uses CMake, you can simply use `find_package(Soci)` to check for SOCI availability and `target_link_libraries()` to link with the SOCI libraries available under the names `Soci::core` and `Soci::<backend>` (or `Soci::<backend>_static` if you prefer linking statically) and ensure that SOCI headers can be included (i.e. there is no need to use `target_include_directories()` explicitly). An example of a very simple CMake-based project using SOCI is provided in the `examples/connect` directory.
 
 Alternatively, you can add SOCI as a subdirectory to your project and include it via `add_subdirectory()`. As before, `target_link_libraries()` is used to link with the SOCI libraries available under the same names `Soci::core` and `Soci::<backend>` as above. An example of this can be found in the directory `examples/subdir-include`.
 
 If you don't use CMake but want to use SOCI in your program, you need to specify the paths to the SOCI headers and libraries in your build configuration and to
 tell the linker to link against the libraries you want to use in your program.