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Public domain. 0059 Originally written by Jim Hefferon and Karl Berry, 2018. */ 0060 0061 /* So you can style for yourself */ 0062 @import url("/css/latexreflocal.css"); 0063 0064 0065 0066 a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none} 0067 blockquote.indentedblock {margin-right: 0em} 0068 blockquote.smallindentedblock {margin-right: 0em; font-size: smaller} 0069 blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller} 0070 div.display {margin-left: 3.2em} 0071 div.example {margin-left: 3.2em} 0072 div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em} 0073 div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em} 0074 div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em} 0075 div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em} 0076 kbd {font-style: oblique} 0077 pre.display {font-family: inherit} 0078 pre.format {font-family: inherit} 0079 pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif} 0080 pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif} 0081 pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} 0082 pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller} 0083 pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} 0084 pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller} 0085 span.nolinebreak {white-space: nowrap} 0086 span.roman {font-family: initial; font-weight: normal} 0087 span.sansserif {font-family: sans-serif; font-weight: normal} 0088 ul.no-bullet {list-style: none} 0089 BODY { 0090 margin-top: 1em; 0091 margin-left: 1em; /* auto results in two-digit <ol> lost off left */ 0092 margin-right: 1em; 0093 margin-bottom: 1em; 0094 /* the idea is to use the whole window, unless it is ridiculously 0095 wide, probably with too-small fonts, too. */ 0096 max-width: 64em; 0097 } 0098 0099 /* Because we want @math{... @code ...} to be upright, not slanted, 0100 and Texinfo won't fix it. */ 0101 code {font-style:normal; font-family:monospace; } 0102 0103 /* We put a link to our own home page at the bottom. */ 0104 div.referenceinfo {font-size:small;} 0105 0106 --> 0107 </style> 0108 0109 0110 </head> 0111 0112 <body lang="en"> 0113 <a name="g_t_005ctwocolumn"></a> 0114 <div class="header"> 0115 <p> 0116 Next: <a href="_005cflushbottom.html#g_t_005cflushbottom" accesskey="n" rel="next">\flushbottom</a>, Previous: <a href="_005conecolumn.html#g_t_005conecolumn" accesskey="p" rel="prev">\onecolumn</a>, Up: <a href="Layout.html#Layout" accesskey="u" rel="up">Layout</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="IndexDocument.html#Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 0117 </div> 0118 <hr> 0119 <a name="g_t_005ctwocolumn-1"></a> 0120 <h3 class="section">5.2 <code>\twocolumn</code></h3> 0121 0122 <a name="index-_005ctwocolumn"></a> 0123 <a name="index-multicolumn-text"></a> 0124 <a name="index-two_002dcolumn-output"></a> 0125 0126 <p>Synopses: 0127 </p> 0128 <div class="example"> 0129 <pre class="example">\twocolumn 0130 \twocolumn[<var>prelim one column text</var>] 0131 </pre></div> 0132 0133 <p>Start a new page and produce two-column output. If the document is given 0134 the class option <code>twocolumn</code> then this is the default 0135 (see <a href="Document-class-options.html#Document-class-options">Document class options</a>). This command is fragile 0136 (see <a href="_005cprotect.html#g_t_005cprotect">\protect</a>). 0137 </p> 0138 <p>If the optional <var>prelim one column text</var> argument 0139 is present, it is typeset in one-column mode before the two-column 0140 typesetting starts. 0141 </p> 0142 <p>These parameters control typesetting in two-column output: 0143 </p> 0144 <dl compact="compact"> 0145 <dt><code>\columnsep</code> 0146 <a name="index-_005ccolumnsep"></a> 0147 </dt> 0148 <dd><a name="twocolumn-columnsep"></a><p>The distance between columns. The default is 35pt. Change it with a 0149 command such as <code>\setlength{\columnsep}{40pt}</code> You must change 0150 it before the two column environment starts; in the preamble is a good 0151 place. 0152 </p> 0153 </dd> 0154 <dt><code>\columnseprule</code> 0155 <a name="index-_005ccolumnseprule"></a> 0156 </dt> 0157 <dd><a name="twocolumn-columnseprule"></a><p>The width of the rule between columns. The rule appears halfway between 0158 the two columns. The default is 0pt, meaning that there is no rule. 0159 Change it with a command such as 0160 <code>\setlength{\columnseprule}{0.4pt}</code>, before the two-column 0161 environment starts. 0162 </p> 0163 </dd> 0164 <dt><code>\columnwidth</code> 0165 <a name="index-_005ccolumnwidth"></a> 0166 </dt> 0167 <dd><a name="twocolumn-columnwidth"></a><p>The width of a single column. In one-column mode this is equal to 0168 <code>\textwidth</code>. In two-column mode by default LaTeX sets the 0169 width of each of the two columns to be half of <code>\textwidth</code> minus 0170 <code>\columnsep</code>. 0171 </p> 0172 </dd> 0173 </dl> 0174 0175 <p>In a two-column document, the starred environments <code>table*</code> and 0176 <code>figure*</code> are two columns wide, whereas the unstarred environments 0177 <code>table</code> and <code>figure</code> take up only one column (see <a href="figure.html#figure">figure</a> 0178 and see <a href="table.html#table">table</a>). LaTeX places starred floats at the top of a page. 0179 The following parameters control float behavior of two-column output. 0180 </p> 0181 <dl compact="compact"> 0182 <dd><a name="twocolumn-dbltopfraction"></a></dd> 0183 <dt><code>\dbltopfraction</code> 0184 <a name="index-_005cdbltopfraction"></a> 0185 </dt> 0186 <dd><p>The maximum fraction at the top of a two-column page that may be 0187 occupied by two-column wide floats. The default is 0.7, meaning that 0188 the height of a <code>table*</code> or <code>figure*</code> environment must not 0189 exceed <code>0.7\textheight</code> . If the height of your starred float 0190 environment exceeds this then you can take one of the following actions 0191 to prevent it from floating all the way to the back of the document: 0192 </p> 0193 <ul> 0194 <li> Use the <code>[tp]</code> location specifier to tell LaTeX to try to put 0195 the bulky float on a page by itself, as well as at the top of a page. 0196 0197 </li><li> Use the <code>[t!]</code> location specifier to override the effect of 0198 <code>\dbltopfraction</code> for this particular float. 0199 0200 </li><li> Increase the value of <code>\dbltopfraction</code> to a suitably large number, 0201 to avoid going to float pages so soon. 0202 </li></ul> 0203 0204 <p>You can redefine it, as with 0205 <code>\renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{0.9}</code>. 0206 </p> 0207 <a name="twocolumn-dblfloatpagefraction"></a></dd> 0208 <dt><code>\dblfloatpagefraction</code> 0209 <a name="index-_005cdblfloatpagefraction"></a> 0210 </dt> 0211 <dd><p>For a float page of two-column wide floats, this is the minimum fraction 0212 that must be occupied by floats, limiting the amount of blank space. 0213 LaTeX’s default is <code>0.5</code>. Change it with <code>\renewcommand</code>. 0214 </p> 0215 <a name="twocolumn-dblfloatsep"></a></dd> 0216 <dt><code>\dblfloatsep</code> 0217 <a name="index-_005cdblfloatsep"></a> 0218 </dt> 0219 <dd><p>On a float page of two-column wide floats, this length is the distance 0220 between floats, at both the top and bottom of the page. The default is 0221 <code>12pt plus2pt minus2pt</code> for a document set at <code>10pt</code> or 0222 <code>11pt</code>, and <code>14pt plus2pt minus4pt</code> for a document set at 0223 <code>12pt</code>. 0224 </p> 0225 <a name="twocolumn-dbltextfloatsep"></a></dd> 0226 <dt><code>\dbltextfloatsep</code> 0227 <a name="index-_005cdbltextfloatsep"></a> 0228 </dt> 0229 <dd><p>This length is the distance between a multi-column float at the top or 0230 bottom of a page and the main text. The default is <code>20pt plus2pt 0231 minus4pt</code>. 0232 </p> 0233 <a name="twocolumn-dbltopnumber"></a></dd> 0234 <dt><code>\dbltopnumber</code> 0235 <a name="index-_005cdbltopnumber"></a> 0236 </dt> 0237 <dd><p>On a float page of two-column wide floats, this counter gives the 0238 maximum number of floats allowed at the top of the page. The LaTeX 0239 default is <code>2</code>. 0240 </p> 0241 </dd> 0242 </dl> 0243 0244 <p>This example uses <code>\twocolumn</code>’s optional argument of to create a 0245 title that spans the two-column article: 0246 </p> 0247 <div class="example"> 0248 <pre class="example">\documentclass[twocolumn]{article} 0249 \newcommand{\authormark}[1]{\textsuperscript{#1}} 0250 \begin{document} 0251 \twocolumn[{% inside this optional argument goes one-column text 0252 \centering 0253 \LARGE The Title \\[1.5em] 0254 \large Author One\authormark{1}, 0255 Author Two\authormark{2}, 0256 Author Three\authormark{1} \\[1em] 0257 \normalsize 0258 \begin{tabular}{p{.2\textwidth}@{\hspace{2em}}p{.2\textwidth}} 0259 \authormark{1}Department one &\authormark{2}Department two \\ 0260 School one &School two 0261 \end{tabular}\\[3em] % space below title part 0262 }] 0263 0264 Two column text here. 0265 </pre></div> 0266 0267 0268 0269 0270 <hr/><div class='referenceinfo'> <a href='https://latexref.xyz/'> <i>Unofficial LaTeX2e reference manual</i></a></div> 0271 </body> 0272 </html>