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We also 0016 gratefully acknowledge additional material appearing in 0017 latex2e-reference by Martin Herbert Dietze. (From these references no 0018 text was directly copied.) 0019 0020 Copyright 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 0021 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Karl Berry. 0022 0023 Copyright 1988, 1994, 2007 Stephen Gilmore. 0024 0025 Copyright 1994, 1995, 1996 Torsten Martinsen. 0026 0027 Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of 0028 this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice 0029 are preserved on all copies. 0030 0031 0032 Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this 0033 manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire 0034 resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission 0035 notice identical to this one. 0036 0037 Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual 0038 into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. --> 0039 <!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.5, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ --> 0040 <head> 0041 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> 0042 <title>\chapter (LaTeX2e unofficial reference manual (November 2018))</title> 0043 0044 <meta name="description" content="\chapter (LaTeX2e unofficial reference manual (November 2018))"> 0045 <meta name="keywords" content="\chapter (LaTeX2e unofficial reference manual (November 2018))"> 0046 <meta name="resource-type" content="document"> 0047 <meta name="distribution" content="global"> 0048 <meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo"> 0049 <link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top"> 0050 <link href="IndexDocument.html#Index" rel="index" title="Index"> 0051 <link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents"> 0052 <link href="Sectioning.html#Sectioning" rel="up" title="Sectioning"> 0053 <link href="_005csection.html#g_t_005csection" rel="next" title="\section"> 0054 <link href="_005cpart.html#g_t_005cpart" rel="prev" title="\part"> 0055 <style type="text/css"> 0056 <!-- 0057 /* $Id: latex2e.css 690 2018-09-15 15:20:19Z jimhefferon $ 0058 Minor css for latexrefman. Public domain. 0059 Originally written by Jim Hefferon and Karl Berry, 2018. */ 0060 0061 /* So you can style for yourself */ 0062 @import url("/css/latexreflocal.css"); 0063 0064 0065 0066 a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none} 0067 blockquote.indentedblock {margin-right: 0em} 0068 blockquote.smallindentedblock {margin-right: 0em; font-size: smaller} 0069 blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller} 0070 div.display {margin-left: 3.2em} 0071 div.example {margin-left: 3.2em} 0072 div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em} 0073 div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em} 0074 div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em} 0075 div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em} 0076 kbd {font-style: oblique} 0077 pre.display {font-family: inherit} 0078 pre.format {font-family: inherit} 0079 pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif} 0080 pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif} 0081 pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} 0082 pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller} 0083 pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} 0084 pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller} 0085 span.nolinebreak {white-space: nowrap} 0086 span.roman {font-family: initial; font-weight: normal} 0087 span.sansserif {font-family: sans-serif; font-weight: normal} 0088 ul.no-bullet {list-style: none} 0089 BODY { 0090 margin-top: 1em; 0091 margin-left: 1em; /* auto results in two-digit <ol> lost off left */ 0092 margin-right: 1em; 0093 margin-bottom: 1em; 0094 /* the idea is to use the whole window, unless it is ridiculously 0095 wide, probably with too-small fonts, too. */ 0096 max-width: 64em; 0097 } 0098 0099 /* Because we want @math{... @code ...} to be upright, not slanted, 0100 and Texinfo won't fix it. */ 0101 code {font-style:normal; font-family:monospace; } 0102 0103 /* We put a link to our own home page at the bottom. */ 0104 div.referenceinfo {font-size:small;} 0105 0106 --> 0107 </style> 0108 0109 0110 </head> 0111 0112 <body lang="en"> 0113 <a name="g_t_005cchapter"></a> 0114 <div class="header"> 0115 <p> 0116 Next: <a href="_005csection.html#g_t_005csection" accesskey="n" rel="next">\section</a>, Previous: <a href="_005cpart.html#g_t_005cpart" accesskey="p" rel="prev">\part</a>, Up: <a href="Sectioning.html#Sectioning" accesskey="u" rel="up">Sectioning</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="IndexDocument.html#Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 0117 </div> 0118 <hr> 0119 <a name="g_t_005cchapter-1"></a> 0120 <h3 class="section">6.2 <code>\chapter</code></h3> 0121 0122 <a name="index-_005cchapter-1"></a> 0123 <a name="index-chapter-1"></a> 0124 0125 <p>Synopsis, one of: 0126 </p> 0127 <div class="example"> 0128 <pre class="example">\chapter{<var>title</var>} 0129 \chapter*{<var>title</var>} 0130 \chapter[<var>toc-title</var>]{<var>title</var>} 0131 </pre></div> 0132 0133 <p>Start a chapter. The standard LaTeX classes <code>book</code> and 0134 <code>report</code> have this command but <code>article</code> does not. 0135 </p> 0136 <p>This produces a chapter. 0137 </p> 0138 <div class="example"> 0139 <pre class="example">\chapter{Loomings} 0140 Call me Ishmael. 0141 Some years ago---never mind how long precisely---having little or no 0142 money in my purse, and nothing particular to interest me on shore, I 0143 thought I would sail about a little and see the watery part of 0144 the world. 0145 </pre></div> 0146 0147 <p>The LaTeX default starts each chapter on a fresh page, an 0148 odd-numbered page if the document is two-sided. It produces a chapter 0149 number such as ‘<samp>Chapter 1</samp>’ in large boldface type (the size is 0150 <code>\huge</code>). It then puts <var>title</var> on a fresh line, in boldface 0151 type that is still larger (size <code>\Huge</code>). It also increments the 0152 <code>chapter</code> counter, adds an entry to the table of contents 0153 (see <a href="Table-of-contents-etc_002e.html#Table-of-contents-etc_002e">Table of contents etc.</a>), and sets the running header 0154 information (see <a href="Page-styles.html#Page-styles">Page styles</a>). 0155 </p> 0156 <p>The <code>*</code> form shows <var>title</var> on a fresh line, in boldface. 0157 But it does not show the chapter number, does not increment the 0158 <code>chapter</code> counter, produces no table of contents entry, and does 0159 not affect the running header. (If you use the page style 0160 <code>headings</code> in a two-sided document then the header will be from the 0161 prior chapter.) This example illustrates. 0162 </p> 0163 <div class="example"> 0164 <pre class="example">\chapter*{Preamble} 0165 </pre></div> 0166 0167 <p>The optional argument <var>toc-title</var> will appear as the chapter title 0168 in the table of contents (see <a href="Table-of-contents-etc_002e.html#Table-of-contents-etc_002e">Table of contents etc.</a>) and in 0169 running headers (see <a href="Page-styles.html#Page-styles">Page styles</a>). If it is not present then 0170 <var>title</var> will be there. This shows the full name in the chapter 0171 title, 0172 </p> 0173 <div class="example"> 0174 <pre class="example">\chapter[Weyl]{Hermann Klaus Hugo (Peter) Weyl (1885--1955)} 0175 </pre></div> 0176 0177 <p>but only ‘<samp>Weyl</samp>’ on the contents page. This puts a line break in 0178 the title but that doesn’t work well with running headers so it omits 0179 the break in the contents 0180 </p> 0181 <div class="example"> 0182 <pre class="example">\chapter[Given it all\\ my story]{Given it all\\ my story} 0183 </pre></div> 0184 0185 <p>For determining which sectional units are numbered and which appear in 0186 the table of contents, the level number of a chapter is 0 0187 (see <a href="Sectioning.html#Sectioning_002fsecnumdepth">Sectioning/secnumdepth</a> and see <a href="Sectioning.html#Sectioning_002ftocdepth">Sectioning/tocdepth</a>). 0188 </p> 0189 <a name="index-package_002c-indentfirst-1"></a> 0190 <a name="index-indentfirst-package-1"></a> 0191 0192 <p>The paragraph that follows the chapter title is not indented, as is a 0193 standard typographical practice. To get an indent use the package 0194 <samp>indentfirst</samp>. 0195 </p> 0196 <p>You can change what is shown for the chapter number. To change it to 0197 something like ‘<samp>Lecture 1</samp>’, put in the preamble either 0198 <code>\renewcommand{\chaptername}{Lecture}</code> or this 0199 (see <a href="_005cmakeatletter-_0026-_005cmakeatother.html#g_t_005cmakeatletter-_0026-_005cmakeatother">\makeatletter & \makeatother</a>). 0200 </p> 0201 <div class="example"> 0202 <pre class="example">\makeatletter 0203 \renewcommand{\@chapapp}{Lecture} 0204 \makeatother 0205 </pre></div> 0206 0207 <a name="index-package_002c-babel"></a> 0208 <a name="index-babel-package"></a> 0209 0210 <p>To make this change because of the primary language for 0211 the document, see the package <samp>babel</samp>. 0212 </p> 0213 <p>In a two-sided document LaTeX puts a chapter on odd-numbered page, if 0214 necessary leaving an even-numbered page that is blank except for any 0215 running headers. To make that page completely blank, 0216 see <a href="_005cclearpage-_0026-_005ccleardoublepage.html#g_t_005cclearpage-_0026-_005ccleardoublepage">\clearpage & \cleardoublepage</a>. 0217 </p> 0218 <a name="index-package_002c-titlesec-2"></a> 0219 <a name="index-titlesec-package-2"></a> 0220 0221 <p>To change the behavior of the <code>\chapter</code> command, you can copy its 0222 definition from the LaTeX format file and make adjustments. But 0223 there are also many packages on CTAN that address this. One is 0224 <samp>titlesec</samp>. See its documentation, but the example below gives a 0225 sense of what it can do. 0226 </p> 0227 <div class="example"> 0228 <pre class="example">\usepackage{titlesec} % in preamble 0229 \titleformat{\chapter} 0230 {\Huge\bfseries} % format of title 0231 {} % label, such as 1.2 for a subsection 0232 {0pt} % length of separation between label and title 0233 {} % before-code hook 0234 </pre></div> 0235 0236 <p>This omits the chapter number ‘<samp>Chapter 1</samp>’ from the page but unlike 0237 <code>\chapter*</code> it keeps the chapter in the table of contents and the 0238 running headers. 0239 </p> 0240 0241 0242 0243 <hr/><div class='referenceinfo'> <a href='https://latexref.xyz/'> <i>Unofficial LaTeX2e reference manual</i></a></div> 0244 </body> 0245 </html>