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(From these references no 0018 text was directly copied.) 0019 0020 Copyright 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 0021 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Karl Berry. 0022 0023 Copyright 1988, 1994, 2007 Stephen Gilmore. 0024 0025 Copyright 1994, 1995, 1996 Torsten Martinsen. 0026 0027 Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of 0028 this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice 0029 are preserved on all copies. 0030 0031 0032 Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this 0033 manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire 0034 resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission 0035 notice identical to this one. 0036 0037 Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual 0038 into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions. --> 0039 <!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.5, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ --> 0040 <head> 0041 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> 0042 <title>\bigl & \bigr etc (LaTeX2e unofficial reference manual (November 2018))</title> 0043 0044 <meta name="description" content="\bigl & \bigr etc (LaTeX2e unofficial reference manual (November 2018))"> 0045 <meta name="keywords" content="\bigl & \bigr etc (LaTeX2e unofficial reference manual (November 2018))"> 0046 <meta name="resource-type" content="document"> 0047 <meta name="distribution" content="global"> 0048 <meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo"> 0049 <link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top"> 0050 <link href="IndexDocument.html#Index" rel="index" title="Index"> 0051 <link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents"> 0052 <link href="Delimiters.html#Delimiters" rel="up" title="Delimiters"> 0053 <link href="Dots.html#Dots" rel="next" title="Dots"> 0054 <link href="_005cleft-_0026-_005cright.html#g_t_005cleft-_0026-_005cright" rel="prev" title="\left & \right"> 0055 <style type="text/css"> 0056 <!-- 0057 /* $Id: latex2e.css 690 2018-09-15 15:20:19Z jimhefferon $ 0058 Minor css for latexrefman. Public domain. 0059 Originally written by Jim Hefferon and Karl Berry, 2018. */ 0060 0061 /* So you can style for yourself */ 0062 @import url("/css/latexreflocal.css"); 0063 0064 0065 0066 a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none} 0067 blockquote.indentedblock {margin-right: 0em} 0068 blockquote.smallindentedblock {margin-right: 0em; font-size: smaller} 0069 blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller} 0070 div.display {margin-left: 3.2em} 0071 div.example {margin-left: 3.2em} 0072 div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em} 0073 div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em} 0074 div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em} 0075 div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em} 0076 kbd {font-style: oblique} 0077 pre.display {font-family: inherit} 0078 pre.format {font-family: inherit} 0079 pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif} 0080 pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif} 0081 pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} 0082 pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller} 0083 pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} 0084 pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller} 0085 span.nolinebreak {white-space: nowrap} 0086 span.roman {font-family: initial; font-weight: normal} 0087 span.sansserif {font-family: sans-serif; font-weight: normal} 0088 ul.no-bullet {list-style: none} 0089 BODY { 0090 margin-top: 1em; 0091 margin-left: 1em; /* auto results in two-digit <ol> lost off left */ 0092 margin-right: 1em; 0093 margin-bottom: 1em; 0094 /* the idea is to use the whole window, unless it is ridiculously 0095 wide, probably with too-small fonts, too. */ 0096 max-width: 64em; 0097 } 0098 0099 /* Because we want @math{... @code ...} to be upright, not slanted, 0100 and Texinfo won't fix it. */ 0101 code {font-style:normal; font-family:monospace; } 0102 0103 /* We put a link to our own home page at the bottom. */ 0104 div.referenceinfo {font-size:small;} 0105 0106 --> 0107 </style> 0108 0109 0110 </head> 0111 0112 <body lang="en"> 0113 <a name="g_t_005cbigl-_0026-_005cbigr-etc"></a> 0114 <div class="header"> 0115 <p> 0116 Previous: <a href="_005cleft-_0026-_005cright.html#g_t_005cleft-_0026-_005cright" accesskey="p" rel="prev">\left & \right</a>, Up: <a href="Delimiters.html#Delimiters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Delimiters</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="IndexDocument.html#Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 0117 </div> 0118 <hr> 0119 <a name="g_t_005cbigl_002c-_005cbigr_002c-etc_002e"></a> 0120 <h4 class="subsubsection">16.2.5.2 <code>\bigl</code>, <code>\bigr</code>, etc.</h4> 0121 0122 <p>Synopsis, one of: 0123 </p> 0124 <div class="example"> 0125 <pre class="example">\bigl<var>delimiter1</var> ... \bigr<var>delimiter2</var> 0126 \Bigl<var>delimiter1</var> ... \bigr<var>delimiter2</var> 0127 \biggl<var>delimiter1</var> ... \biggr<var>delimiter2</var> 0128 \Biggl<var>delimiter1</var> ... \Biggr<var>delimiter2</var> 0129 </pre></div> 0130 0131 <p>(as with <code>\bigl[...\bigr]</code>; strictly speaking they need not be 0132 paired, see below), or one of: 0133 </p> 0134 <div class="example"> 0135 <pre class="example">\bigm<var>delimiter</var> 0136 \Bigm<var>delimiter</var> 0137 \biggm<var>delimiter</var> 0138 \Biggm<var>delimiter</var> 0139 </pre></div> 0140 0141 <p>(as with <code>\bigm|</code>), or one of: 0142 </p> 0143 <div class="example"> 0144 <pre class="example">\big<var>delimiter</var> 0145 \Big<var>delimiter</var> 0146 \bigg<var>delimiter</var> 0147 \Bigg<var>delimiter</var> 0148 </pre></div> 0149 0150 <p>(as with <code>\big[</code>). 0151 </p> 0152 <p>Produce manually-sized delimiters. For delimiters that are 0153 automatically sized see <a href="_005cleft-_0026-_005cright.html#g_t_005cleft-_0026-_005cright">\left & \right</a>). 0154 </p> 0155 <p>This produces slightly larger outer vertical bars. 0156 </p> 0157 <div class="example"> 0158 <pre class="example"> \bigl| |x|+|y| \bigr| 0159 </pre></div> 0160 0161 <p>The commands above are listed in order of increasing size. You can use 0162 the smallest size such as <code>\bigl...\bigr</code> in a paragraph without 0163 causing LaTeX to spread the lines apart. The larger sizes are meant 0164 for displayed equations. 0165 </p> 0166 <p>See <a href="Delimiters.html#Delimiters">Delimiters</a> for a list of the common delimiters. In the family of 0167 commands with ‘<samp>l</samp>’ and ‘<samp>r</samp>’, <var>delimiter1</var> and 0168 <var>delimiter2</var> need not be the same. 0169 </p> 0170 <p>The ‘<samp>l</samp>’ and ‘<samp>r</samp>’ commands produce open and close delimiters 0171 that insert no horizontal space between a preceding atom and the 0172 delimiter, while the commands without ‘<samp>l</samp>’ and ‘<samp>r</samp>’ insert some 0173 space (because each delimiter is set as an ordinary variable). Compare 0174 these two. 0175 </p> 0176 <div class="example"> 0177 <pre class="example">\begin{tabular}{l} 0178 \(\displaystyle \sin\biggl(\frac{1}{2}\biggr) \) \\ % good 0179 \(\displaystyle \sin\bigg(\frac{1}{2}\bigg) \) \\ % bad 0180 \end{tabular} 0181 </pre></div> 0182 0183 <p>The traditional typographic treatment is on the first line. On the 0184 second line the output will have some extra space between the 0185 <code>\sin</code> and the open parenthesis. 0186 </p> 0187 <p>Commands without ‘<samp>l</samp>’ or ‘<samp>r</samp>’ do give correct spacing in 0188 some circumstances, as with this large vertical line 0189 </p> 0190 <div class="example"> 0191 <pre class="example">\begin{equation} 0192 \int_{x=a}^b x^2\,dx = \frac{1}{3} x^3 \Big|_{x=a}^b 0193 \end{equation} 0194 </pre></div> 0195 0196 <a name="index-package_002c-amsmath-7"></a> 0197 <a name="index-amsmath-package-7"></a> 0198 0199 <p>(many authors would replace <code>\frac</code> with the <code>\tfrac</code> command 0200 from the <samp>amsmath</samp> package), and as with this larger slash. 0201 </p> 0202 <div class="example"> 0203 <pre class="example">\begin{equation} 0204 \lim_{n\to\infty}\pi(n) \big/ (n/\log n) = 1 0205 \end{equation} 0206 </pre></div> 0207 0208 <p>Unlike the <code>\left...\right</code> pair (see <a href="_005cleft-_0026-_005cright.html#g_t_005cleft-_0026-_005cright">\left & \right</a>), the 0209 commands here with ‘<samp>l</samp>’ and ‘<samp>r</samp>’ do not make a group. 0210 Strictly speaking they need not be matched so you can write something 0211 like this. 0212 </p> 0213 <div class="example"> 0214 <pre class="example">\begin{equation} 0215 \Biggl[ \pi/6 ] 0216 \end{equation} 0217 </pre></div> 0218 0219 <p>The commands with ‘<samp>m</samp>’ are for relations, which are in the middle of 0220 formulas, as here. 0221 </p> 0222 <div class="example"> 0223 <pre class="example">\begin{equation} 0224 \biggl\{ a\in B \biggm| a=\sum_{0\leq i<n}3i^2+4 \biggr\} 0225 \end{equation} 0226 </pre></div> 0227 0228 0229 0230 0231 0232 <hr/><div class='referenceinfo'> <a href='https://latexref.xyz/'> <i>Unofficial LaTeX2e reference manual</i></a></div> 0233 </body> 0234 </html>