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Public domain. 0059 Originally written by Jim Hefferon and Karl Berry, 2018. */ 0060 0061 /* So you can style for yourself */ 0062 @import url("/css/latexreflocal.css"); 0063 0064 0065 0066 a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none} 0067 blockquote.indentedblock {margin-right: 0em} 0068 blockquote.smallindentedblock {margin-right: 0em; font-size: smaller} 0069 blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller} 0070 div.display {margin-left: 3.2em} 0071 div.example {margin-left: 3.2em} 0072 div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em} 0073 div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em} 0074 div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em} 0075 div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em} 0076 kbd {font-style: oblique} 0077 pre.display {font-family: inherit} 0078 pre.format {font-family: inherit} 0079 pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif} 0080 pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif} 0081 pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} 0082 pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller} 0083 pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller} 0084 pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller} 0085 span.nolinebreak {white-space: nowrap} 0086 span.roman {font-family: initial; font-weight: normal} 0087 span.sansserif {font-family: sans-serif; font-weight: normal} 0088 ul.no-bullet {list-style: none} 0089 BODY { 0090 margin-top: 1em; 0091 margin-left: 1em; /* auto results in two-digit <ol> lost off left */ 0092 margin-right: 1em; 0093 margin-bottom: 1em; 0094 /* the idea is to use the whole window, unless it is ridiculously 0095 wide, probably with too-small fonts, too. */ 0096 max-width: 64em; 0097 } 0098 0099 /* Because we want @math{... @code ...} to be upright, not slanted, 0100 and Texinfo won't fix it. */ 0101 code {font-style:normal; font-family:monospace; } 0102 0103 /* We put a link to our own home page at the bottom. */ 0104 div.referenceinfo {font-size:small;} 0105 0106 --> 0107 </style> 0108 0109 0110 </head> 0111 0112 <body lang="en"> 0113 <a name="Over_002d-and-Underlining"></a> 0114 <div class="header"> 0115 <p> 0116 Next: <a href="Spacing-in-math-mode.html#Spacing-in-math-mode" accesskey="n" rel="next">Spacing in math mode</a>, Previous: <a href="Math-accents.html#Math-accents" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Math accents</a>, Up: <a href="Math-formulas.html#Math-formulas" accesskey="u" rel="up">Math formulas</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="IndexDocument.html#Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> 0117 </div> 0118 <hr> 0119 <a name="Over_002d-and-Underlining-1"></a> 0120 <h3 class="section">16.5 Over- and Underlining</h3> 0121 0122 <a name="index-overlining"></a> 0123 <a name="index-underlining"></a> 0124 0125 <p>LaTeX provides commands for making overlines or underlines, or 0126 putting braces over or under some material. 0127 </p> 0128 <dl compact="compact"> 0129 <dt><code>\underline{<var>text</var>}</code> 0130 <a name="index-_005cunderline_007btext_007d"></a> 0131 </dt> 0132 <dd><p>Underline <var>text</var>. Works inside math mode, and outside. 0133 The line is always completely below the text, taking account of 0134 descenders, so in <code>\(\underline{y}\)</code> the line is lower than in 0135 <code>\(\underline{x}\)</code>. This command is fragile (see <a href="_005cprotect.html#g_t_005cprotect">\protect</a>). 0136 </p> 0137 <a name="index-package_002c-ulem"></a> 0138 <a name="index-ulem-package"></a> 0139 0140 <p>Note that the package <samp>ulem</samp> does text mode underlining and allows 0141 line breaking as well as a number of other features. See the 0142 documentation on CTAN. See also <a href="_005chrulefill-_0026-_005cdotfill.html#g_t_005chrulefill-_0026-_005cdotfill">\hrulefill & \dotfill</a> for 0143 producing a line, for such things as a signature. 0144 </p> 0145 </dd> 0146 <dt><code>\overline{<var>text</var>}</code> 0147 <a name="index-_005coverline_007btext_007d"></a> 0148 </dt> 0149 <dd><p>Put a horizontal line over <var>text</var>. Works inside math mode, and 0150 outside. For example, <code>\overline{x+y}</code>. 0151 Note that this differs from the command <code>\bar</code> (see <a href="Math-accents.html#Math-accents">Math accents</a>). 0152 </p> 0153 </dd> 0154 <dt><code>\underbrace{<var>math</var>}</code> 0155 <a name="index-_005cunderbrace_007bmath_007d"></a> 0156 </dt> 0157 <dd><p>Put a brace under <var>math</var>. For example, this 0158 <code>(1-\underbrace{1/2)+(1/2}-1/3)</code> emphasizes the telescoping part. 0159 Attach text to the brace by using subscript, <code>_</code>, or superscript, 0160 <code>^</code>, as here. 0161 </p> 0162 <div class="example"> 0163 <pre class="example">\begin{displaymath} 0164 1+1/2+\underbrace{1/3+1/4}_{>1/2}+ 0165 \underbrace{1/5+1/6+1/7+1/8}_{>1/2}+\cdots 0166 \end{displaymath} 0167 </pre></div> 0168 0169 <p>The superscript appears on top of the expression, and so can look 0170 unconnected to the underbrace. 0171 </p> 0172 </dd> 0173 <dt><code>\overbrace{<var>math</var>}</code> 0174 <a name="index-_005coverbrace_007bmath_007d"></a> 0175 </dt> 0176 <dd><p>Put a brace over <var>math</var>, as with 0177 <code>\overbrace{x+x+\cdots+x}^{\mbox{\(k\) times}}</code>. See also 0178 <code>\underbrace</code>. 0179 </p> 0180 </dd> 0181 </dl> 0182 0183 <a name="index-package_002c-mathtools-3"></a> 0184 <a name="index-mathtools-package-3"></a> 0185 0186 <p>The package <samp>mathtools</samp> adds an over- and underbrace, as well as 0187 some improvements on the braces. See the documentation on CTAN. 0188 </p> 0189 0190 0191 0192 <hr/><div class='referenceinfo'> <a href='https://latexref.xyz/'> <i>Unofficial LaTeX2e reference manual</i></a></div> 0193 </body> 0194 </html>