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0006 This manual was originally translated from LATEX.HLP v1.0a in the
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0008 George D. Greenwade of Sam Houston State University.  The
0009 LaTeX 2.09 version was written by Stephen Gilmore.  The
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0012 using Hypertext Help with LaTeX, by Sheldon Green, and
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0020 Copyright 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013,
0021 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Karl Berry.
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0023 Copyright 1988, 1994, 2007 Stephen Gilmore.
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0025 Copyright 1994, 1995, 1996 Torsten Martinsen.
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0042 <title>Font styles (LaTeX2e unofficial reference manual (November 2018))</title>
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0113 <a name="Font-styles"></a>
0114 <div class="header">
0115 <p>
0116 Next: <a href="Font-sizes.html#Font-sizes" accesskey="n" rel="next">Font sizes</a>, Previous: <a href="fontenc-package.html#fontenc-package" accesskey="p" rel="prev">fontenc package</a>, Up: <a href="Fonts.html#Fonts" accesskey="u" rel="up">Fonts</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="IndexDocument.html#Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
0117 </div>
0118 <hr>
0119 <a name="Font-styles-1"></a>
0120 <h3 class="section">4.2 Font styles</h3>
0121 
0122 <a name="index-font-styles"></a>
0123 <a name="index-type-styles"></a>
0124 <a name="index-styles-of-text"></a>
0125 
0126 <p>The following type style commands are supported by LaTeX.
0127 </p>
0128 <p>In the table below the listed commands, the <code>\text...</code>  commands,
0129 is used with an argument, as in <code>\textit{<var>text</var>}</code>.  This is
0130 the preferred form.  But shown after it, in parenthesis, is the
0131 corresponding declaration form, which is sometimes useful.  This form
0132 takes no arguments, as in <code>{\itshape <var>text</var>}</code>.  The scope of
0133 the declaration form lasts until the next type style command or the end
0134 of the current group.  In addition, each has an environment form such as
0135 <code>\begin{itshape}...\end{itshape}</code>.
0136 </p>
0137 <p>These commands, in both the argument form and the declaration form, are
0138 cumulative; for instance you can get bold sans serif by saying either of
0139 <code>\sffamily\bfseries</code> or <code>\bfseries\sffamily</code>.
0140 </p>
0141 <a name="index-_005cnocorrlist"></a>
0142 <a name="index-_005cnocorr"></a>
0143 <p>One advantage of these commands is that they automatically insert italic
0144 corrections if needed (see <a href="_005c_002f.html#g_t_005c_002f">\/</a>).  Specifically, they insert the
0145 italic correction unless the following character is in the list
0146 <code>\nocorrlist</code>, which by default consists of a period and a comma.
0147 To suppress the automatic insertion of italic correction, use
0148 <code>\nocorr</code> at the start or end of the command argument, such as
0149 <code>\textit{\nocorr text}</code> or <code>\textsc{text \nocorr}</code>.
0150 </p>
0151 <dl compact="compact">
0152 <dt><code>\textrm (\rmfamily)</code></dt>
0153 <dd><a name="index-_005ctextrm"></a>
0154 <a name="index-_005crmfamily"></a>
0155 <p>Roman.
0156 </p>
0157 </dd>
0158 <dt><code>\textit (\itshape)</code></dt>
0159 <dd><a name="index-_005ctextit"></a>
0160 <a name="index-_005citshape"></a>
0161 <p>Italics.
0162 </p>
0163 </dd>
0164 <dt><code>\textmd (\mdseries)</code></dt>
0165 <dd><a name="index-_005ctextmd"></a>
0166 <a name="index-_005cmdseries"></a>
0167 <p>Medium weight (default).
0168 </p>
0169 </dd>
0170 <dt><code>\textbf (\bfseries)</code></dt>
0171 <dd><a name="index-_005ctextbf"></a>
0172 <a name="index-_005cbfseries"></a>
0173 <p>Boldface.
0174 </p>
0175 </dd>
0176 <dt><code>\textup (\upshape)</code></dt>
0177 <dd><a name="index-_005ctextup"></a>
0178 <a name="index-_005cupshape"></a>
0179 <p>Upright (default).
0180 </p>
0181 </dd>
0182 <dt><code>\textsl (\slshape)</code></dt>
0183 <dd><a name="index-_005ctextsl"></a>
0184 <a name="index-_005cslshape"></a>
0185 <p>Slanted.
0186 </p>
0187 </dd>
0188 <dt><code>\textsf (\sffamily)</code></dt>
0189 <dd><a name="index-_005ctextsf"></a>
0190 <a name="index-_005csffamily"></a>
0191 <p>Sans serif.
0192 </p>
0193 </dd>
0194 <dt><code>\textsc (\scshape)</code></dt>
0195 <dd><a name="index-_005ctextsc"></a>
0196 <a name="index-_005cscshape"></a>
0197 <p>Small caps.
0198 </p>
0199 </dd>
0200 <dt><code>\texttt (\ttfamily)</code></dt>
0201 <dd><a name="index-_005ctexttt"></a>
0202 <a name="index-_005cttfamily"></a>
0203 <p>Typewriter.
0204 </p>
0205 </dd>
0206 <dt><code>\textnormal (\normalfont)</code></dt>
0207 <dd><a name="index-_005ctextnormal"></a>
0208 <a name="index-_005cnormalfont"></a>
0209 <p>Main document font.
0210 </p>
0211 </dd>
0212 </dl>
0213 
0214 <a name="index-emphasis"></a>
0215 <a name="index-_005cemph"></a>
0216 <p>Although it also changes fonts, the <code>\emph{<var>text</var>}</code> command
0217 is semantic, for text to be emphasized, and should not be used as a
0218 substitute for <code>\textit</code>.  For example, <code>\emph{<var>start
0219 text</var> \emph{<var>middle text</var>} <var>end text</var>}</code> will result in the
0220 <var>start text</var> and <var>end text</var> in italics, but <var>middle text</var>
0221 will be in roman.
0222 </p>
0223 <p>LaTeX also provides the following commands, which unconditionally
0224 switch to the given style, that is, are <em>not</em> cumulative.  They are
0225 used as declarations: <code>{\<var>cmd</var>...}</code> instead of
0226 <code>\<var>cmd</var>{...}</code>.
0227 </p>
0228 <p>(The unconditional commands below are an older version of font
0229 switching. The earlier commands are an improvement in most
0230 circumstances. But sometimes an unconditional font switch is precisely
0231 what you want.)
0232 </p>
0233 <dl compact="compact">
0234 <dt><code>\bf</code>
0235 <a name="index-_005cbf"></a>
0236 </dt>
0237 <dd><a name="index-bold-font"></a>
0238 <p>Switch to bold face.
0239 </p>
0240 </dd>
0241 <dt><code>\cal</code>
0242 <a name="index-_005ccal"></a>
0243 </dt>
0244 <dd><a name="index-script-letters-for-math"></a>
0245 <a name="index-calligraphic-letters-for-math"></a>
0246 <p>Switch to calligraphic letters for math.
0247 </p>
0248 </dd>
0249 <dt><code>\it</code>
0250 <a name="index-_005cit"></a>
0251 </dt>
0252 <dd><a name="index-italic-font"></a>
0253 <p>Italics.
0254 </p>
0255 </dd>
0256 <dt><code>\rm</code>
0257 <a name="index-_005crm"></a>
0258 </dt>
0259 <dd><a name="index-roman-font"></a>
0260 <p>Roman.
0261 </p>
0262 </dd>
0263 <dt><code>\sc</code>
0264 <a name="index-_005csc"></a>
0265 </dt>
0266 <dd><a name="index-small-caps-font"></a>
0267 <p>Small caps.
0268 </p>
0269 </dd>
0270 <dt><code>\sf</code>
0271 <a name="index-_005csf"></a>
0272 </dt>
0273 <dd><a name="index-sans-serif-font"></a>
0274 <p>Sans serif.
0275 </p>
0276 </dd>
0277 <dt><code>\sl</code>
0278 <a name="index-_005csl"></a>
0279 </dt>
0280 <dd><a name="index-slanted-font"></a>
0281 <a name="index-oblique-font"></a>
0282 <p>Slanted (oblique).
0283 </p>
0284 </dd>
0285 <dt><code>\tt</code>
0286 <a name="index-_005ctt"></a>
0287 </dt>
0288 <dd><a name="index-typewriter-font"></a>
0289 <a name="index-monospace-font"></a>
0290 <a name="index-fixed_002dwidth-font"></a>
0291 <p>Typewriter (monospace, fixed-width).
0292 </p>
0293 </dd>
0294 </dl>
0295 
0296 <p>The <code>\em</code> command is the unconditional version of <code>\emph</code>.
0297 </p>
0298 <p>The following commands are for use in math mode.  They are not
0299 cumulative, so <code>\mathbf{\mathit{<var>symbol</var>}}</code> does not
0300 create a boldface and italic <var>symbol</var>; instead, it will just be in
0301 italics.  This is because typically math symbols need consistent
0302 typographic treatment, regardless of the surrounding environment.
0303 </p>
0304 <dl compact="compact">
0305 <dt><code>\mathrm</code></dt>
0306 <dd><a name="index-_005cmathrm"></a>
0307 <p>Roman, for use in math mode.
0308 </p>
0309 </dd>
0310 <dt><code>\mathbf</code></dt>
0311 <dd><a name="index-_005cmathbf"></a>
0312 <p>Boldface, for use in math mode.
0313 </p>
0314 </dd>
0315 <dt><code>\mathsf</code></dt>
0316 <dd><a name="index-_005cmathsf"></a>
0317 <p>Sans serif, for use in math mode.
0318 </p>
0319 </dd>
0320 <dt><code>\mathtt</code></dt>
0321 <dd><a name="index-_005cmathtt"></a>
0322 <p>Typewriter, for use in math mode.
0323 </p>
0324 </dd>
0325 <dt><code>\mathit</code></dt>
0326 <dt><code>(\mit)</code></dt>
0327 <dd><p>Italics, for use in math mode.
0328 </p>
0329 </dd>
0330 <dt><code>\mathnormal</code></dt>
0331 <dd><a name="index-_005cmathnormal"></a>
0332 <p>For use in math mode, e.g., inside another type style declaration.
0333 </p>
0334 </dd>
0335 <dt><code>\mathcal</code></dt>
0336 <dd><a name="index-_005cmathcal"></a>
0337 <p>Calligraphic letters, for use in math mode.
0338 </p>
0339 </dd>
0340 </dl>
0341 
0342 <a name="index-_005cmathversion"></a>
0343 <a name="index-math_002c-bold"></a>
0344 <a name="index-bold-math"></a>
0345 <p>In addition, the command <code>\mathversion{bold}</code> can be used for
0346 switching to bold letters and symbols in
0347 formulas. <code>\mathversion{normal}</code> restores the default.
0348 </p>
0349 <a name="index-_005coldstylenums"></a>
0350 <a name="index-numerals_002c-old_002dstyle"></a>
0351 <a name="index-old_002dstyle-numerals"></a>
0352 <a name="index-lining-numerals"></a>
0353 <a name="index-package_002c-textcomp"></a>
0354 <a name="index-textcomp-package"></a>
0355 
0356 <p>Finally, the command <code>\oldstylenums{<var>numerals</var>}</code> will typeset
0357 so-called &ldquo;old-style&rdquo; numerals, which have differing heights and
0358 depths (and sometimes widths) from the standard &ldquo;lining&rdquo; numerals,
0359 which all have the same height as uppercase letters.  LaTeX&rsquo;s
0360 default fonts support this, and will respect <code>\textbf</code> (but not
0361 other styles; there are no italic old-style numerals in Computer
0362 Modern).  Many other fonts have old-style numerals also; sometimes the
0363 <code>textcomp</code> package must be loaded, and sometimes package options
0364 are provided to make them the default.  FAQ entry:
0365 <a href="http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=osf">http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=osf</a>.
0366 </p>
0367 
0368 
0369 
0370 <hr/><div class='referenceinfo'> <a href='https://latexref.xyz/'> <i>Unofficial LaTeX2e reference manual</i></a></div>
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