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0001 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" 0002 "http://www.w3.org/TR/html40/strict.dtd"> 0003 <HTML LANG="en-US"> 0004 <HEAD> 0005 <TITLE>GNU Free Documentation License - version 1.1</TITLE> 0006 <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=us-ascii"> 0007 <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Language" CONTENT="en-US"> 0008 <META NAME="description" CONTENT="GNU free documentation license (for inclusion in documentation files)"> 0009 <META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="gnu, Gnu, GNU, license, licence, software, free software, software license, software licence, GNU general public license, GNU General Public License, documentation licence, documentation license, documentation, GNU free documentation license, GNU Free Documentation License"> 0010 <META NAME="robots" CONTENT="none"> 0011 <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Style-Type" CONTENT="text/css"> 0012 <LINK REL="stylesheet" HREF="kde-default.css" TYPE="text/css"> 0013 </HEAD> 0014 <BODY CLASS="license"> 0015 <h3>GNU Free Documentation License</h3> 0016 <p> 0017 Version 1.2, November 2002 0018 </p> 0019 0020 <pre> 0021 Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 0022 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA 0023 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 0024 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 0025 </pre> 0026 0027 <p> 0028 <strong>0. PREAMBLE</strong> 0029 </p> 0030 0031 <p> 0032 The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other 0033 functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to 0034 assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, 0035 with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. 0036 Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way 0037 to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible 0038 for modifications made by others. 0039 </p> 0040 0041 <p> 0042 This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative 0043 works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It 0044 complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft 0045 license designed for free software. 0046 </p> 0047 0048 <p> 0049 We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free 0050 software, because free software needs free documentation: a free 0051 program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the 0052 software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; 0053 it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or 0054 whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License 0055 principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. 0056 </p> 0057 0058 <p> 0059 <strong>1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</strong> 0060 </p> 0061 0062 <p> 0063 This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that 0064 contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be 0065 distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a 0066 world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that 0067 work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, 0068 refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a 0069 licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you 0070 copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission 0071 under copyright law. 0072 </p> 0073 0074 <p> 0075 A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the 0076 Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with 0077 modifications and/or translated into another language. 0078 </p> 0079 0080 <p> 0081 A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of 0082 the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the 0083 publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject 0084 (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly 0085 within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a 0086 textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any 0087 mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical 0088 connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, 0089 commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding 0090 them. 0091 </p> 0092 0093 <p> 0094 The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles 0095 are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice 0096 that says that the Document is released under this License. If a 0097 section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not 0098 allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero 0099 Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant 0100 Sections then there are none. 0101 </p> 0102 0103 <p> 0104 The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, 0105 as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that 0106 the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may 0107 be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words. 0108 </p> 0109 0110 <p> 0111 A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, 0112 represented in a format whose specification is available to the 0113 general public, that is suitable for revising the document 0114 straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of 0115 pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available 0116 drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or 0117 for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input 0118 to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file 0119 format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart 0120 or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. 0121 An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount 0122 of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque". 0123 </p> 0124 0125 <p> 0126 Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain 0127 ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML 0128 or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple 0129 HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of 0130 transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats 0131 include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by 0132 proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or 0133 processing tools are not generally available, and the 0134 machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word 0135 processors for output purposes only. 0136 </p> 0137 0138 <p> 0139 The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, 0140 plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material 0141 this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in 0142 formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means 0143 the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, 0144 preceding the beginning of the body of the text. 0145 </p> 0146 0147 <p> 0148 A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose 0149 title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following 0150 text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a 0151 specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements", 0152 "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title" 0153 of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a 0154 section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition. 0155 </p> 0156 0157 <p> 0158 The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which 0159 states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty 0160 Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this 0161 License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other 0162 implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has 0163 no effect on the meaning of this License. 0164 </p> 0165 0166 <p> 0167 <strong>2. VERBATIM COPYING</strong> 0168 </p> 0169 0170 <p> 0171 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either 0172 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the 0173 copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies 0174 to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other 0175 conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use 0176 technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further 0177 copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept 0178 compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough 0179 number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. 0180 </p> 0181 0182 <p> 0183 You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and 0184 you may publicly display copies. 0185 </p> 0186 0187 <p> 0188 <strong>3. COPYING IN QUANTITY</strong> 0189 </p> 0190 0191 <p> 0192 If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have 0193 printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the 0194 Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the 0195 copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover 0196 Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on 0197 the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify 0198 you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present 0199 the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and 0200 visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. 0201 Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve 0202 the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated 0203 as verbatim copying in other respects. 0204 </p> 0205 0206 <p> 0207 If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit 0208 legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit 0209 reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent 0210 pages. 0211 </p> 0212 0213 <p> 0214 If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering 0215 more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent 0216 copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy 0217 a computer-network location from which the general network-using 0218 public has access to download using public-standard network protocols 0219 a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. 0220 If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, 0221 when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure 0222 that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated 0223 location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an 0224 Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that 0225 edition to the public. 0226 </p> 0227 0228 <p> 0229 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the 0230 Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give 0231 them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. 0232 </p> 0233 0234 <p> 0235 <strong>4. MODIFICATIONS</strong> 0236 </p> 0237 0238 <p> 0239 You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under 0240 the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release 0241 the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified 0242 Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution 0243 and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy 0244 of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: 0245 </p> 0246 0247 <ul> 0248 <li><strong>A.</strong> Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct 0249 from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions 0250 (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section 0251 of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version 0252 if the original publisher of that version gives permission.</li> 0253 <li><strong>B.</strong> List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities 0254 responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified 0255 Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the 0256 Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), 0257 unless they release you from this requirement.</li> 0258 <li><strong>C.</strong> State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the 0259 Modified Version, as the publisher.</li> 0260 <li><strong>D.</strong> Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.</li> 0261 <li><strong>E.</strong> Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications 0262 adjacent to the other copyright notices.</li> 0263 <li><strong>F.</strong> Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice 0264 giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the 0265 terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.</li> 0266 <li><strong>G.</strong> Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections 0267 and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.</li> 0268 <li><strong>H.</strong> Include an unaltered copy of this License.</li> 0269 <li><strong>I.</strong> Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add 0270 to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and 0271 publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If 0272 there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one 0273 stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as 0274 given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified 0275 Version as stated in the previous sentence.</li> 0276 <li><strong>J.</strong> Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for 0277 public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise 0278 the network locations given in the Document for previous versions 0279 it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. 0280 You may omit a network location for a work that was published at 0281 least four years before the Document itself, or if the original 0282 publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.</li> 0283 <li><strong>K.</strong> For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", 0284 Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all 0285 the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements 0286 and/or dedications given therein.</li> 0287 <li><strong>L.</strong> Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, 0288 unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers 0289 or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.</li> 0290 <li><strong>M.</strong> Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section 0291 may not be included in the Modified Version.</li> 0292 <li><strong>N.</strong> Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" 0293 or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.</li> 0294 <li><strong>O.</strong> Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.</li> 0295 </ul> 0296 0297 <p> 0298 If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or 0299 appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material 0300 copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all 0301 of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the 0302 list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. 0303 These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. 0304 </p> 0305 0306 <p> 0307 You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains 0308 nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various 0309 parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has 0310 been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a 0311 standard. 0312 </p> 0313 0314 <p> 0315 You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a 0316 passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list 0317 of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of 0318 Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or 0319 through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already 0320 includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or 0321 by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, 0322 you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit 0323 permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. 0324 </p> 0325 0326 <p> 0327 The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License 0328 give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or 0329 imply endorsement of any Modified Version. 0330 </p> 0331 0332 <p> 0333 <strong>5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS</strong> 0334 </p> 0335 0336 <p> 0337 You may combine the Document with other documents released under this 0338 License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified 0339 versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the 0340 Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and 0341 list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its 0342 license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. 0343 </p> 0344 0345 <p> 0346 The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and 0347 multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single 0348 copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but 0349 different contents, make the title of each such section unique by 0350 adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original 0351 author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. 0352 Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of 0353 Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. 0354 </p> 0355 0356 <p> 0357 In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History" 0358 in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled 0359 "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements", 0360 and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections 0361 Entitled "Endorsements." 0362 </p> 0363 0364 <p> 0365 <strong>6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</strong> 0366 </p> 0367 0368 <p> 0369 You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents 0370 released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this 0371 License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in 0372 the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for 0373 verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. 0374 </p> 0375 0376 <p> 0377 You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute 0378 it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this 0379 License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all 0380 other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. 0381 </p> 0382 0383 <p> 0384 <strong>7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</strong> 0385 </p> 0386 0387 <p> 0388 A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate 0389 and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or 0390 distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright 0391 resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights 0392 of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. 0393 When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not 0394 apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves 0395 derivative works of the Document. 0396 </p> 0397 0398 <p> 0399 If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these 0400 copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of 0401 the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on 0402 covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the 0403 electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. 0404 Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole 0405 aggregate. 0406 </p> 0407 0408 <p> 0409 <strong>8. TRANSLATION</strong> 0410 </p> 0411 0412 <p> 0413 Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may 0414 distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. 0415 Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special 0416 permission from their copyright holders, but you may include 0417 translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the 0418 original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a 0419 translation of this License, and all the license notices in the 0420 Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include 0421 the original English version of this License and the original versions 0422 of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between 0423 the translation and the original version of this License or a notice 0424 or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. 0425 </p> 0426 0427 <p> 0428 If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", 0429 "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve 0430 its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual 0431 title. 0432 </p> 0433 0434 <p> 0435 <strong>9. TERMINATION</strong> 0436 </p> 0437 0438 <p> 0439 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except 0440 as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to 0441 copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will 0442 automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, 0443 parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this 0444 License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such 0445 parties remain in full compliance. 0446 </p> 0447 0448 <p> 0449 <strong>10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</strong> 0450 </p> 0451 0452 <p> 0453 The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions 0454 of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new 0455 versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may 0456 differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See 0457 http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/. 0458 </p> 0459 0460 <p> 0461 Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. 0462 If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this 0463 License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of 0464 following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or 0465 of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the 0466 Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version 0467 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not 0468 as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. 0469 </p> 0470 0471 <h3>How to use this License for your documents</h3> 0472 0473 <p> 0474 To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of 0475 the License in the document and put the following copyright and 0476 license notices just after the title page: 0477 </p> 0478 0479 <pre> 0480 Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME. 0481 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document 0482 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 0483 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; 0484 with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover 0485 Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU 0486 Free Documentation License". 0487 </pre> 0488 0489 <p> 0490 If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, 0491 replace the "with...Texts." line with this: 0492 </p> 0493 0494 <pre> 0495 with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the 0496 Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST. 0497 </pre> 0498 0499 <p> 0500 If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other 0501 combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the 0502 situation. 0503 </p> 0504 0505 <p> 0506 If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we 0507 recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of 0508 free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, 0509 to permit their use in free software. 0510 </p> 0511 </BODY> 0512 </HTML>