Warning, /education/kalzium/libscience/data/elements.xml is written in an unsupported language. File is not indexed.
0001 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
0002 <list id="chemicalElement" convention="bodr:elements"
0003 title="properties of the elements"
0004
0005 xmlns="http://www.xml-cml.org/schema"
0006 xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
0007 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
0008 xmlns:bo="http://www.blueobelisk.org/dict/terminology"
0009 xmlns:boUnits="http://www.blueobelisk.org/dict/units"
0010 xmlns:units="http://www.xml-cml.org/units/units"
0011 xmlns:siUnits="http://www.xml-cml.org/units/siUnits"
0012 xmlns:bibx="http://bibtexml.sf.net/"
0013
0014 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xml-cml.org/schema ../schemas/cml25.xsd
0015 http://bibtexml.sf.net/ ../schemas/bibtexml.xsd">
0016
0017 <metadataList>
0018 <!-- manually updated -->
0019
0020 <metadata name="dc:title" content="Blue Obelisk Element Repository" />
0021 <metadata name="dc:creator" content="The Blue Obelisk Movement" />
0022 <metadata name="dc:license" content="The MIT License" />
0023 <metadata name="dc:contributor" content="Geoffrey R. Hutchison" />
0024 <metadata name="dc:contributor" content="Carsten Niehaus" />
0025 <metadata name="dc:contributor" content="Egon Willighagen" />
0026 <metadata name="dc:contributor" content="Garret Wassermann" />
0027 <metadata name="dc:description" content="Database of elements and elemental properties (names, symbols, masses, exact masses, van der Waals radii, ionization potential, electron affinity, electronegativity, etc." />
0028 </metadataList>
0029
0030 <atom id="Xx">
0031 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">0</scalar>
0032 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Xx" />
0033 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Dummy" />
0034 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">0.0000</scalar>
0035 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">0.00000</scalar>
0036 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">0.0</scalar>
0037 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">0</scalar>
0038 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.07 0.50 0.70</array>
0039 </atom>
0040 <atom id="H">
0041 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">1</scalar>
0042 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="H" />
0043 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Hydrogen" />
0044 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="7">1.00794</scalar>
0045 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">1.007825032</scalar>
0046 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">13.5984</scalar>
0047 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="3">0.75420375</scalar>
0048 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.20</scalar>
0049 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'hydro' and 'gennao' for 'forms water'.</scalar>
0050 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">0.37</scalar>
0051 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.2</scalar>
0052 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">1.00 1.00 1.00</array>
0053 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">20.28</scalar>
0054 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">14.01</scalar>
0055 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
0056 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
0057 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1766</scalar>
0058 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">C. Cavendish</array>
0059 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">1</scalar>
0060 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
0061 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">1s1</scalar>
0062 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Non-Metal</scalar>
0063 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:oxidation">1, -1</array>
0064 </atom>
0065 <atom id="He">
0066 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">2</scalar>
0067 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="He" />
0068 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Helium" />
0069 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">4.002602</scalar>
0070 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">4.002603254</scalar>
0071 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">24.5874</scalar>
0072 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
0073 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">The Greek word for the sun was 'helios'.</scalar>
0074 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">0.32</scalar>
0075 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.4</scalar>
0076 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.85 1.00 1.00</array>
0077 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">4.216</scalar>
0078 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">0.95</scalar>
0079 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
0080 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se,uk</array>
0081 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1895</scalar>
0082 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">P. J. Janssen;J. N. Lockyer</array>
0083 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">1</scalar>
0084 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
0085 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">1s2</scalar>
0086 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Noblegas</scalar>
0087 </atom>
0088 <atom id="Li">
0089 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">3</scalar>
0090 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Li" />
0091 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Lithium" />
0092 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">6.941</scalar>
0093 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">7.01600455</scalar>
0094 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.3917</scalar>
0095 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="21">0.618049</scalar>
0096 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">0.98</scalar>
0097 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'lithos' means 'stone'.</scalar>
0098 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.34</scalar>
0099 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.2</scalar>
0100 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.80 0.50 1.00</array>
0101 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1615</scalar>
0102 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">453.7</scalar>
0103 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
0104 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se</array>
0105 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1817</scalar>
0106 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">A. Arfvedson</array>
0107 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">2</scalar>
0108 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
0109 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[He] 2s1</scalar>
0110 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Alkali_Earth</scalar>
0111 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">1</array>
0112 </atom>
0113 <atom id="Be">
0114 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">4</scalar>
0115 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Be" />
0116 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Beryllium" />
0117 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">9.012182</scalar>
0118 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">9.0121822</scalar>
0119 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">9.3227</scalar>
0120 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
0121 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.57</scalar>
0122 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'beryllos' for 'light-green stone'.</scalar>
0123 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">0.90</scalar>
0124 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.9</scalar>
0125 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.76 1.00 0.00</array>
0126 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3243</scalar>
0127 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1560</scalar>
0128 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
0129 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">fr</array>
0130 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1797</scalar>
0131 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Nicholas Louis Vauquelin</array>
0132 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">2</scalar>
0133 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">2</scalar>
0134 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[He] 2s2</scalar>
0135 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Alkaline_Earth</scalar>
0136 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">2</array>
0137 </atom>
0138 <atom id="B">
0139 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">5</scalar>
0140 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="B" />
0141 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Boron" />
0142 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="7">10.811</scalar>
0143 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">11.0093054</scalar>
0144 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">8.2980</scalar>
0145 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="25">0.279723</scalar>
0146 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.04</scalar>
0147 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Boron means 'Bor(ax) + (carb)on'. It is found in borax and behaves a lot like carbon.</scalar>
0148 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">0.82</scalar>
0149 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.8</scalar>
0150 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">1.00 0.71 0.71</array>
0151 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">4275</scalar>
0152 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2365</scalar>
0153 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0154 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk,fr</array>
0155 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1808</scalar>
0156 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Louis Joseph Gay-Lussac;Louis Jacques Thenard</array>
0157 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">2</scalar>
0158 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">3</scalar>
0159 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[He] 2s2 2p1</scalar>
0160 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Metalloids</scalar>
0161 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">3</array>
0162 </atom>
0163 <atom id="C">
0164 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">6</scalar>
0165 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="C" />
0166 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Carbon" />
0167 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="8">12.0107</scalar>
0168 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">12</scalar>
0169 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">11.2603</scalar>
0170 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="20">1.262118</scalar>
0171 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.55</scalar>
0172 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'carboneum' for carbon.</scalar>
0173 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">0.77</scalar>
0174 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.7</scalar>
0175 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.50 0.50 0.50</array>
0176 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">5100</scalar>
0177 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3825</scalar>
0178 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0179 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ancient</array>
0180 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">0</scalar>
0181 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">2</scalar>
0182 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
0183 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[He] 2s2 2p2</scalar>
0184 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Non-Metal</scalar>
0185 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="3" dictRef="bo:oxidation">4,2,-4</array>
0186 </atom>
0187 <atom id="N">
0188 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">7</scalar>
0189 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="N" />
0190 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Nitrogen" />
0191 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">14.0067</scalar>
0192 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">14.003074</scalar>
0193 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">14.5341</scalar>
0194 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="2">-0.07</scalar>
0195 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">3.04</scalar>
0196 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'nitrogenium' ('forms saltpeter').</scalar>
0197 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">0.75</scalar>
0198 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.6</scalar>
0199 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.05 0.05 1.00</array>
0200 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">77.344</scalar>
0201 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">63.15</scalar>
0202 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0203 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
0204 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1772</scalar>
0205 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">D. Rutherford</array>
0206 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">2</scalar>
0207 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
0208 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[He] 2s2 2p3</scalar>
0209 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Non-Metal</scalar>
0210 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="5" dictRef="bo:oxidation">5, 4, 3, 2, -3</array>
0211 </atom>
0212 <atom id="O">
0213 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">8</scalar>
0214 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="O" />
0215 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Oxygen" />
0216 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">15.9994</scalar>
0217 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">15.99491462</scalar>
0218 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">13.6181</scalar>
0219 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="27">1.4611120</scalar>
0220 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">3.44</scalar>
0221 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'oxygenium' (forms acids).</scalar>
0222 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">0.73</scalar>
0223 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.55</scalar>
0224 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">1.00 0.05 0.05</array>
0225 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">90.188</scalar>
0226 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">54.8</scalar>
0227 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0228 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se,uk</array>
0229 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1774</scalar>
0230 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">J. Priestley</array>
0231 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">2</scalar>
0232 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
0233 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[He] 2s2 2p4</scalar>
0234 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Non-Metal</scalar>
0235 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:oxidation">-2,-1</array>
0236 </atom>
0237 <atom id="F">
0238 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">9</scalar>
0239 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="F" />
0240 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Fluorine" />
0241 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="5">18.9984032</scalar>
0242 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">18.99840322</scalar>
0243 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">17.4228</scalar>
0244 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="32">3.4011887</scalar>
0245 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">3.98</scalar>
0246 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'fluere' ('floats').</scalar>
0247 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">0.71</scalar>
0248 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.5</scalar>
0249 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.70 1.00 1.00</array>
0250 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">85</scalar>
0251 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">53.55</scalar>
0252 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0253 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">fr</array>
0254 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1886</scalar>
0255 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">H. F. Moissan</array>
0256 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">2</scalar>
0257 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
0258 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[He] 2s2 2p5</scalar>
0259 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Halogen</scalar>
0260 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">-1</array>
0261 </atom>
0262 <atom id="Ne">
0263 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">10</scalar>
0264 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ne" />
0265 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Neon" />
0266 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="6">20.1797</scalar>
0267 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">19.99244018</scalar>
0268 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">21.5645</scalar>
0269 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
0270 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'neo'. meaning 'new'.</scalar>
0271 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">0.69</scalar>
0272 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.54</scalar>
0273 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.70 0.89 0.96</array>
0274 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">27.1</scalar>
0275 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">24.55</scalar>
0276 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0277 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
0278 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1898</scalar>
0279 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">W. Ramsay;M.W. Travers</array>
0280 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">2</scalar>
0281 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
0282 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[He] 2s2 2p6</scalar>
0283 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Noblegas</scalar>
0284 </atom>
0285 <atom id="Na">
0286 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">11</scalar>
0287 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Na" />
0288 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Sodium" />
0289 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">22.98976928</scalar>
0290 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">22.98976928</scalar>
0291 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.1391</scalar>
0292 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="25">0.547926</scalar>
0293 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">0.93</scalar>
0294 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">The name comes from Latin 'sodanum' which means 'headache remedy'. The symbol comes from Latin 'natrium' for Arabic 'natrun' or English 'soda'.</scalar>
0295 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.54</scalar>
0296 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.4</scalar>
0297 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.67 0.36 0.95</array>
0298 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1156</scalar>
0299 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">371</scalar>
0300 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
0301 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
0302 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1807</scalar>
0303 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Sir Humphrey Davy</array>
0304 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">3</scalar>
0305 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
0306 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ne] 3s1</scalar>
0307 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Alkali_Earth</scalar>
0308 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">1</array>
0309 </atom>
0310 <atom id="Mg">
0311 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">12</scalar>
0312 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Mg" />
0313 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Magnesium" />
0314 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="6">24.3050</scalar>
0315 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">23.9850417</scalar>
0316 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.6462</scalar>
0317 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
0318 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.31</scalar>
0319 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the city of Magnesia.</scalar>
0320 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.30</scalar>
0321 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.2</scalar>
0322 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.54 1.00 0.00</array>
0323 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1380</scalar>
0324 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">922</scalar>
0325 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
0326 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
0327 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1808</scalar>
0328 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">H. B. Davy</array>
0329 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">3</scalar>
0330 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">2</scalar>
0331 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ne] 3s2</scalar>
0332 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Alkaline_Earth</scalar>
0333 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">2</array>
0334 </atom>
0335 <atom id="Al">
0336 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">13</scalar>
0337 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Al" />
0338 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Aluminium" />
0339 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="8">26.9815386</scalar>
0340 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">26.98153863</scalar>
0341 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.9858</scalar>
0342 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="5">0.43283</scalar>
0343 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.61</scalar>
0344 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'alumen'.</scalar>
0345 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.18</scalar>
0346 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.1</scalar>
0347 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.75 0.65 0.65</array>
0348 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2740</scalar>
0349 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">933.5</scalar>
0350 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0351 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">dk</array>
0352 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1825</scalar>
0353 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">H. Ch. Oersted</array>
0354 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">3</scalar>
0355 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">3</scalar>
0356 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ne] 3s2 3p1</scalar>
0357 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
0358 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">3</array>
0359 </atom>
0360 <atom id="Si">
0361 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">14</scalar>
0362 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Si" />
0363 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Silicon" />
0364 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">28.0855</scalar>
0365 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">27.97692653</scalar>
0366 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">8.1517</scalar>
0367 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="20">1.389521</scalar>
0368 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.90</scalar>
0369 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'silex'.</scalar>
0370 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.11</scalar>
0371 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.1</scalar>
0372 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.50 0.60 0.60</array>
0373 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2630</scalar>
0374 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1683</scalar>
0375 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0376 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se</array>
0377 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1823</scalar>
0378 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">J. J. Berzelius</array>
0379 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">3</scalar>
0380 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
0381 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ne] 3s2 3p2</scalar>
0382 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Metalloids</scalar>
0383 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:oxidation">4,-4</array>
0384 </atom>
0385 <atom id="P">
0386 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">15</scalar>
0387 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="P" />
0388 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Phosphorus" />
0389 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">30.973762</scalar>
0390 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">30.97376163</scalar>
0391 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">10.4867</scalar>
0392 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="3">0.7465</scalar>
0393 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.19</scalar>
0394 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'phosphoros' for 'carries light'.</scalar>
0395 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.06</scalar>
0396 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.95</scalar>
0397 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">1.00 0.50 0.00</array>
0398 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">553</scalar>
0399 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">317.3</scalar>
0400 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0401 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
0402 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1669</scalar>
0403 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">H. Brandt</array>
0404 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">3</scalar>
0405 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
0406 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ne] 3s2 3p3</scalar>
0407 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Non-Metal</scalar>
0408 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="3" dictRef="bo:oxidation">5,3,-3</array>
0409 </atom>
0410 <atom id="S">
0411 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">16</scalar>
0412 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="S" />
0413 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Sulfur" />
0414 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="5">32.065</scalar>
0415 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">31.972071</scalar>
0416 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">10.3600</scalar>
0417 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="10">2.0771029</scalar>
0418 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.58</scalar>
0419 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">In sanskrit 'sweb' means 'to sleep'.</scalar>
0420 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.02</scalar>
0421 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.8</scalar>
0422 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">1.00 1.00 0.19</array>
0423 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">717.82</scalar>
0424 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">392.2</scalar>
0425 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0426 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ancient</array>
0427 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">0</scalar>
0428 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">3</scalar>
0429 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
0430 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ne] 3s2 3p4</scalar>
0431 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Non-Metal</scalar>
0432 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="4" dictRef="bo:oxidation">6,4,2,-2</array>
0433 </atom>
0434 <atom id="Cl">
0435 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">17</scalar>
0436 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Cl" />
0437 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Chlorine" />
0438 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">35.453</scalar>
0439 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">34.96885268</scalar>
0440 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">12.9676</scalar>
0441 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="27">3.612724</scalar>
0442 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">3.16</scalar>
0443 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'chloros' for 'yellow-green'.</scalar>
0444 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">0.99</scalar>
0445 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.8</scalar>
0446 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.12 0.94 0.12</array>
0447 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">239.18</scalar>
0448 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">172.17</scalar>
0449 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0450 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se</array>
0451 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1774</scalar>
0452 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">C. W. Scheele</array>
0453 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">3</scalar>
0454 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
0455 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ne] 3s2 3p5</scalar>
0456 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Halogen</scalar>
0457 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="5" dictRef="bo:oxidation">7,5,3,1,-1</array>
0458 </atom>
0459 <atom id="Ar">
0460 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">18</scalar>
0461 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ar" />
0462 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Argon" />
0463 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">39.948</scalar>
0464 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">39.96238312</scalar>
0465 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">15.7596</scalar>
0466 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
0467 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'aergon' for 'inactive'.</scalar>
0468 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">0.97</scalar>
0469 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.88</scalar>
0470 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.50 0.82 0.89</array>
0471 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">87.45</scalar>
0472 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">83.95</scalar>
0473 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0474 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
0475 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1894</scalar>
0476 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">W. Ramsay;J. Rayleigh</array>
0477 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">3</scalar>
0478 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
0479 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ne] 3s2 3p6</scalar>
0480 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Noblegas</scalar>
0481 </atom>
0482 <atom id="K">
0483 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">19</scalar>
0484 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="K" />
0485 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Potassium" />
0486 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">39.0983</scalar>
0487 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">38.96370668</scalar>
0488 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">4.3407</scalar>
0489 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="12">0.501459</scalar>
0490 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">0.82</scalar>
0491 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">The name comes from the English 'potash' ('pot ashes') because it is found in caustic potashes. The symbol comes from the Latin 'kalium' for the original Arabic 'al qaliy' which means alkali.</scalar>
0492 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.96</scalar>
0493 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.8</scalar>
0494 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.56 0.25 0.83</array>
0495 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1033</scalar>
0496 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">336.8</scalar>
0497 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
0498 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
0499 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1807</scalar>
0500 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">H. B. Davy</array>
0501 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0502 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
0503 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 4s1</scalar>
0504 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Alkali_Earth</scalar>
0505 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">1</array>
0506 </atom>
0507 <atom id="Ca">
0508 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">20</scalar>
0509 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ca" />
0510 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Calcium" />
0511 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="4">40.078</scalar>
0512 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">39.96259098</scalar>
0513 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.1132</scalar>
0514 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="10">0.02455</scalar>
0515 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.00</scalar>
0516 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'calx' for 'lime'.</scalar>
0517 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.74</scalar>
0518 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.4</scalar>
0519 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.24 1.00 0.00</array>
0520 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1757</scalar>
0521 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1112</scalar>
0522 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
0523 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
0524 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1808</scalar>
0525 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">H. B. Davy</array>
0526 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0527 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">2</scalar>
0528 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 4s2</scalar>
0529 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Alkaline_Earth</scalar>
0530 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">2</array>
0531 </atom>
0532 <atom id="Sc">
0533 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">21</scalar>
0534 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Sc" />
0535 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Scandium" />
0536 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="6">44.955912</scalar>
0537 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">44.9559119</scalar>
0538 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.5615</scalar>
0539 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="20">0.188</scalar>
0540 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.36</scalar>
0541 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named because it was found in Scandinavia.</scalar>
0542 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.44</scalar>
0543 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.3</scalar>
0544 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.90 0.90 0.90</array>
0545 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3109</scalar>
0546 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1814</scalar>
0547 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
0548 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se</array>
0549 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1879</scalar>
0550 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">L. Nilson</array>
0551 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0552 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">3</scalar>
0553 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d1 4s2</scalar>
0554 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
0555 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">3</array>
0556 </atom>
0557 <atom id="Ti">
0558 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">22</scalar>
0559 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ti" />
0560 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Titanium" />
0561 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">47.867</scalar>
0562 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">47.9479463</scalar>
0563 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.8281</scalar>
0564 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="9">0.084</scalar>
0565 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.54</scalar>
0566 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">The Titans were giants in Greek mythology.</scalar>
0567 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.36</scalar>
0568 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.15</scalar>
0569 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.75 0.76 0.78</array>
0570 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3560</scalar>
0571 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1935</scalar>
0572 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
0573 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
0574 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1791</scalar>
0575 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">W. Gregor</array>
0576 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0577 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
0578 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d2 4s2</scalar>
0579 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
0580 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:oxidation">4,3</array>
0581 </atom>
0582 <atom id="V">
0583 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">23</scalar>
0584 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="V" />
0585 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Vanadium" />
0586 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">50.9415</scalar>
0587 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">50.9439595</scalar>
0588 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.7462</scalar>
0589 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="12">0.525</scalar>
0590 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.63</scalar>
0591 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">'Vanadis' is another name for the Nordic goddess Freyja.</scalar>
0592 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.25</scalar>
0593 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.05</scalar>
0594 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.65 0.65 0.67</array>
0595 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3650</scalar>
0596 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2163</scalar>
0597 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
0598 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se</array>
0599 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1830</scalar>
0600 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">N. Sefström</array>
0601 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0602 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
0603 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d3 4s2</scalar>
0604 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
0605 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="5" dictRef="bo:oxidation">5,4,3,2,0</array>
0606 </atom>
0607 <atom id="Cr">
0608 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">24</scalar>
0609 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Cr" />
0610 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Chromium" />
0611 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="6">51.9961</scalar>
0612 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">51.9405075</scalar>
0613 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.7665</scalar>
0614 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="12">0.67584</scalar>
0615 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.66</scalar>
0616 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'chroma' means 'color'.</scalar>
0617 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.27</scalar>
0618 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.05</scalar>
0619 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.54 0.60 0.78</array>
0620 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2945</scalar>
0621 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2130</scalar>
0622 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
0623 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">fr</array>
0624 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1797</scalar>
0625 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Nicholas Louis Vauquelin</array>
0626 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0627 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
0628 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d5 4s1</scalar>
0629 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
0630 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="4" dictRef="bo:oxidation">6,3,2,0</array>
0631 </atom>
0632 <atom id="Mn">
0633 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">25</scalar>
0634 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Mn" />
0635 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Manganese" />
0636 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="5">54.938045</scalar>
0637 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">54.9380451</scalar>
0638 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.4340</scalar>
0639 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
0640 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.55</scalar>
0641 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">It was discovered near a town named Magnesia in black earth. Thus, it was named 'magnesia nigra', or for short, Manganese.</scalar>
0642 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.39</scalar>
0643 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.05</scalar>
0644 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.61 0.48 0.78</array>
0645 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2235</scalar>
0646 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1518</scalar>
0647 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
0648 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se</array>
0649 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1774</scalar>
0650 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">C. W. Scheele</array>
0651 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0652 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
0653 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d5 4s2</scalar>
0654 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
0655 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="7" dictRef="bo:oxidation">7,6,4,3,2,0,-1</array>
0656 </atom>
0657 <atom id="Fe">
0658 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">26</scalar>
0659 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Fe" />
0660 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Iron" />
0661 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">55.845</scalar>
0662 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">55.9349375</scalar>
0663 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.9024</scalar>
0664 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="3">0.151</scalar>
0665 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.83</scalar>
0666 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'ferrum'.</scalar>
0667 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.25</scalar>
0668 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.05</scalar>
0669 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.50 0.48 0.78</array>
0670 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3023</scalar>
0671 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1808</scalar>
0672 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
0673 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ancient</array>
0674 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">0</scalar>
0675 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0676 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
0677 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d6 4s2</scalar>
0678 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
0679 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="5" dictRef="bo:oxidation">6,3,2,0,-2</array>
0680 </atom>
0681 <atom id="Co">
0682 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">27</scalar>
0683 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Co" />
0684 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Cobalt" />
0685 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="5">58.933195</scalar>
0686 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">58.933195</scalar>
0687 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.8810</scalar>
0688 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="6">0.6633</scalar>
0689 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.88</scalar>
0690 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the German word 'Kobold' for 'goblin'.</scalar>
0691 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.26</scalar>
0692 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
0693 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.44 0.48 0.78</array>
0694 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3143</scalar>
0695 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1768</scalar>
0696 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
0697 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se</array>
0698 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1737</scalar>
0699 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">G. Brandt</array>
0700 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0701 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
0702 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d7 4s2</scalar>
0703 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
0704 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="4" dictRef="bo:oxidation">3,2,0,-1</array>
0705 </atom>
0706 <atom id="Ni">
0707 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">28</scalar>
0708 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ni" />
0709 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Nickel" />
0710 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="4">58.6934</scalar>
0711 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">57.9353429</scalar>
0712 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.6398</scalar>
0713 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="12">1.15716</scalar>
0714 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.91</scalar>
0715 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">'Nickel' was the name of a mountain goblin.</scalar>
0716 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.21</scalar>
0717 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
0718 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.36 0.48 0.76</array>
0719 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3005</scalar>
0720 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1726</scalar>
0721 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
0722 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se</array>
0723 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1751</scalar>
0724 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">A. F. Cronstedt</array>
0725 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0726 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
0727 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d8 4s2</scalar>
0728 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
0729 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="3" dictRef="bo:oxidation">3,2,0</array>
0730 </atom>
0731 <atom id="Cu">
0732 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">29</scalar>
0733 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Cu" />
0734 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Copper" />
0735 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">63.546</scalar>
0736 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">62.9295975</scalar>
0737 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.7264</scalar>
0738 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="4">1.23578</scalar>
0739 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.90</scalar>
0740 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'cuprum' for Cypres.</scalar>
0741 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.38</scalar>
0742 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
0743 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">1.00 0.48 0.38</array>
0744 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2840</scalar>
0745 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1356.6</scalar>
0746 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
0747 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ancient</array>
0748 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">0</scalar>
0749 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0750 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
0751 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d10 4s1</scalar>
0752 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
0753 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:oxidation">2,1</array>
0754 </atom>
0755 <atom id="Zn">
0756 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">30</scalar>
0757 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Zn" />
0758 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Zinc" />
0759 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">65.38</scalar>
0760 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">63.9291422</scalar>
0761 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">9.3942</scalar>
0762 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
0763 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.65</scalar>
0764 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">German 'zinking' for 'rough', because zinc ore is very rough.</scalar>
0765 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.31</scalar>
0766 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.1</scalar>
0767 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.49 0.50 0.69</array>
0768 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1180</scalar>
0769 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">692.73</scalar>
0770 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
0771 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
0772 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1746</scalar>
0773 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Andreas Marggraf</array>
0774 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0775 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">2</scalar>
0776 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d10 4s2</scalar>
0777 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
0778 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">2</array>
0779 </atom>
0780 <atom id="Ga">
0781 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">31</scalar>
0782 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ga" />
0783 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Gallium" />
0784 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">69.723</scalar>
0785 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">68.9255736</scalar>
0786 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.9993</scalar>
0787 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="4">0.41</scalar>
0788 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.81</scalar>
0789 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">'Gallia' is an old name for France.</scalar>
0790 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.26</scalar>
0791 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.1</scalar>
0792 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.76 0.56 0.56</array>
0793 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2478</scalar>
0794 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">302.92</scalar>
0795 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0796 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">fr</array>
0797 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1875</scalar>
0798 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">P. E. Lecoq de Boisbaudran</array>
0799 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0800 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">3</scalar>
0801 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1</scalar>
0802 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
0803 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">3</array>
0804 </atom>
0805 <atom id="Ge">
0806 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">32</scalar>
0807 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ge" />
0808 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Germanium" />
0809 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">72.64</scalar>
0810 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">73.9211778</scalar>
0811 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.8994</scalar>
0812 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="15">1.232712</scalar>
0813 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.01</scalar>
0814 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'germania' is an old name for Germany.</scalar>
0815 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.22</scalar>
0816 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.1</scalar>
0817 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.40 0.56 0.56</array>
0818 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3107</scalar>
0819 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1211.5</scalar>
0820 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0821 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
0822 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1886</scalar>
0823 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">C. A. Winkler</array>
0824 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0825 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
0826 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2</scalar>
0827 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Metalloids</scalar>
0828 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">4</array>
0829 </atom>
0830 <atom id="As">
0831 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">33</scalar>
0832 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="As" />
0833 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Arsenic" />
0834 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">74.92160</scalar>
0835 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">74.9215965</scalar>
0836 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">9.7886</scalar>
0837 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="8">0.814</scalar>
0838 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.18</scalar>
0839 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'arsenikos' for 'male' or 'bold'.</scalar>
0840 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.19</scalar>
0841 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.05</scalar>
0842 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.74 0.50 0.89</array>
0843 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">876</scalar>
0844 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1090</scalar>
0845 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0846 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ancient</array>
0847 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">0</scalar>
0848 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0849 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
0850 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p3</scalar>
0851 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Metalloids</scalar>
0852 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="3" dictRef="bo:oxidation">5,3,-3</array>
0853 </atom>
0854 <atom id="Se">
0855 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">34</scalar>
0856 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Se" />
0857 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Selenium" />
0858 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">78.96</scalar>
0859 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">79.9165213</scalar>
0860 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">9.7524</scalar>
0861 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="2">2.02067</scalar>
0862 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.55</scalar>
0863 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'selena' for 'moon'.</scalar>
0864 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.16</scalar>
0865 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.9</scalar>
0866 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">1.00 0.63 0.00</array>
0867 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">958</scalar>
0868 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">494</scalar>
0869 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0870 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se</array>
0871 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1817</scalar>
0872 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">J. J. Berzelius</array>
0873 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0874 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
0875 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4</scalar>
0876 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Non-Metal</scalar>
0877 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="3" dictRef="bo:oxidation">6,4,-2</array>
0878 </atom>
0879 <atom id="Br">
0880 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">35</scalar>
0881 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Br" />
0882 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Bromine" />
0883 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">79.904</scalar>
0884 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">78.9183371</scalar>
0885 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">11.8138</scalar>
0886 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="20">3.3635880</scalar>
0887 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.96</scalar>
0888 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'bromos' for 'smells badly'.</scalar>
0889 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.14</scalar>
0890 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">1.9</scalar>
0891 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.65 0.16 0.16</array>
0892 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">331.85</scalar>
0893 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">265.95</scalar>
0894 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0895 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">fr</array>
0896 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1826</scalar>
0897 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">A. J. Balard</array>
0898 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0899 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
0900 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5</scalar>
0901 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Halogen</scalar>
0902 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="5" dictRef="bo:oxidation">7,5,3,1,-1</array>
0903 </atom>
0904 <atom id="Kr">
0905 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">36</scalar>
0906 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Kr" />
0907 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Krypton" />
0908 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">83.798</scalar>
0909 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">83.911507</scalar>
0910 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">13.9996</scalar>
0911 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
0912 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">3.00</scalar>
0913 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'kryptos' for 'hidden'.</scalar>
0914 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.10</scalar>
0915 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.02</scalar>
0916 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.36 0.72 0.82</array>
0917 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">120.85</scalar>
0918 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">116</scalar>
0919 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
0920 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
0921 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1898</scalar>
0922 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">W. Ramsay;M. W. Travers</array>
0923 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">4</scalar>
0924 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
0925 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6</scalar>
0926 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Noblegas</scalar>
0927 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">2</array>
0928 </atom>
0929 <atom id="Rb">
0930 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">37</scalar>
0931 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Rb" />
0932 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Rubidium" />
0933 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">85.4678</scalar>
0934 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">84.91178974</scalar>
0935 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">4.1771</scalar>
0936 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="20">0.485916</scalar>
0937 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">0.82</scalar>
0938 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'rubidus' for 'dark red'.</scalar>
0939 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">2.11</scalar>
0940 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.9</scalar>
0941 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.44 0.18 0.69</array>
0942 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">961</scalar>
0943 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">312.63</scalar>
0944 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
0945 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
0946 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1861</scalar>
0947 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Robert W. Bunsen;Gustav R. Kirchhoff</array>
0948 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
0949 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
0950 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 5s1</scalar>
0951 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Alkali_Earth</scalar>
0952 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">1</array>
0953 </atom>
0954 <atom id="Sr">
0955 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">38</scalar>
0956 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Sr" />
0957 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Strontium" />
0958 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">87.62</scalar>
0959 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">87.9056121</scalar>
0960 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.6949</scalar>
0961 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="6">0.05206</scalar>
0962 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">0.95</scalar>
0963 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the mineral Strontianit.</scalar>
0964 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.92</scalar>
0965 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.55</scalar>
0966 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 1.00 0.00</array>
0967 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1655</scalar>
0968 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1042</scalar>
0969 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
0970 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
0971 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1790</scalar>
0972 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">H. B. Davy</array>
0973 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
0974 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">2</scalar>
0975 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 5s2</scalar>
0976 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Alkaline_Earth</scalar>
0977 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">2</array>
0978 </atom>
0979 <atom id="Y">
0980 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">39</scalar>
0981 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Y" />
0982 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Yttrium" />
0983 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">88.90585</scalar>
0984 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">88.9058483</scalar>
0985 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.2173</scalar>
0986 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="12">0.307</scalar>
0987 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.22</scalar>
0988 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the small town of Ytterby near Stockholm in Sweden. Terbium, Ytterbium and Erbium are also named after this town.</scalar>
0989 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.62</scalar>
0990 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.4</scalar>
0991 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.58 1.00 1.00</array>
0992 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3611</scalar>
0993 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1795</scalar>
0994 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
0995 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">fi</array>
0996 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1794</scalar>
0997 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Johann Gadolin</array>
0998 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
0999 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">3</scalar>
1000 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d1 5s2</scalar>
1001 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1002 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">3</array>
1003 </atom>
1004 <atom id="Zr">
1005 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">40</scalar>
1006 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Zr" />
1007 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Zirconium" />
1008 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">91.224</scalar>
1009 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">89.9047044</scalar>
1010 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.6339</scalar>
1011 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="14">0.426</scalar>
1012 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.33</scalar>
1013 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the mineral zircon.</scalar>
1014 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.48</scalar>
1015 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.3</scalar>
1016 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.58 0.88 0.88</array>
1017 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">4682</scalar>
1018 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2128</scalar>
1019 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1020 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
1021 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1789</scalar>
1022 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Martin Heinrich Klaproth</array>
1023 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1024 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
1025 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d2 5s2</scalar>
1026 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1027 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">4</array>
1028 </atom>
1029 <atom id="Nb">
1030 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">41</scalar>
1031 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Nb" />
1032 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Niobium" />
1033 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">92.90638</scalar>
1034 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">92.9063781</scalar>
1035 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.7589</scalar>
1036 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="25">0.893</scalar>
1037 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.6</scalar>
1038 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after Niobe, the daughter of the Greek god Tantalus.</scalar>
1039 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.37</scalar>
1040 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.15</scalar>
1041 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.45 0.76 0.79</array>
1042 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">5015</scalar>
1043 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2742</scalar>
1044 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1045 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
1046 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1801</scalar>
1047 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Ch. Hatchett</array>
1048 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1049 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
1050 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d4 5s1</scalar>
1051 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1052 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:oxidation">5,3</array>
1053 </atom>
1054 <atom id="Mo">
1055 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">42</scalar>
1056 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Mo" />
1057 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Molybdenum" />
1058 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">95.96</scalar>
1059 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">97.9054082</scalar>
1060 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.0924</scalar>
1061 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="2">0.7472</scalar>
1062 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.16</scalar>
1063 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">This name has Greek roots. It means 'like Platinum' - it was difficult to distinguish Molybdenum from Platinum.</scalar>
1064 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.45</scalar>
1065 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.1</scalar>
1066 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.33 0.71 0.71</array>
1067 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">4912</scalar>
1068 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2896</scalar>
1069 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1070 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se</array>
1071 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1778</scalar>
1072 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">C. W. Scheele</array>
1073 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1074 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
1075 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d5 5s1</scalar>
1076 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1077 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="6" dictRef="bo:oxidation">6,5,4,3,2,0</array>
1078 </atom>
1079 <atom id="Tc">
1080 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">43</scalar>
1081 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Tc" />
1082 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Technetium" />
1083 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">98</scalar>
1084 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">97.907216</scalar>
1085 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.28</scalar>
1086 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="20">0.55</scalar>
1087 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.9</scalar>
1088 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'technetos' for artificial.</scalar>
1089 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.56</scalar>
1090 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.05</scalar>
1091 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.23 0.62 0.62</array>
1092 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">4538</scalar>
1093 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2477</scalar>
1094 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1095 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">it</array>
1096 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1937</scalar>
1097 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">C. Perrier;E. G. Segre</array>
1098 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1099 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
1100 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d6 5s1</scalar>
1101 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1102 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">7</array>
1103 </atom>
1104 <atom id="Ru">
1105 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">44</scalar>
1106 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ru" />
1107 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Ruthenium" />
1108 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">101.07</scalar>
1109 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">101.9043493</scalar>
1110 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.3605</scalar>
1111 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="25">1.04638</scalar>
1112 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.2</scalar>
1113 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Ruthenia is the old name of Russia.</scalar>
1114 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.26</scalar>
1115 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.05</scalar>
1116 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.14 0.56 0.56</array>
1117 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">4425</scalar>
1118 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2610</scalar>
1119 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1120 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ru</array>
1121 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1844</scalar>
1122 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">K. Klaus</array>
1123 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1124 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
1125 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d7 5s1</scalar>
1126 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1127 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="7" dictRef="bo:oxidation">8,6,4,3,2,0,-2</array>
1128 </atom>
1129 <atom id="Rh">
1130 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">45</scalar>
1131 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Rh" />
1132 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Rhodium" />
1133 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">102.90550</scalar>
1134 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">102.905504</scalar>
1135 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.4589</scalar>
1136 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="20">1.14289</scalar>
1137 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.28</scalar>
1138 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'rhodeos' means 'red like a rose'.</scalar>
1139 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.35</scalar>
1140 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
1141 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.04 0.49 0.55</array>
1142 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3970</scalar>
1143 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2236</scalar>
1144 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1145 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
1146 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1803</scalar>
1147 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">W. Wollaston</array>
1148 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1149 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
1150 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d8 5s1</scalar>
1151 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1152 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="6" dictRef="bo:oxidation">5,4,3,1,0</array>
1153 </atom>
1154 <atom id="Pd">
1155 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">46</scalar>
1156 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Pd" />
1157 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Palladium" />
1158 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">106.42</scalar>
1159 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">105.903486</scalar>
1160 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">8.3369</scalar>
1161 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="12">0.56214</scalar>
1162 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.20</scalar>
1163 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the asteroid Pallas.</scalar>
1164 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.31</scalar>
1165 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.05</scalar>
1166 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 0.41 0.52</array>
1167 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3240</scalar>
1168 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1825</scalar>
1169 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1170 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
1171 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1803</scalar>
1172 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1173 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
1174 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d10</scalar>
1175 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1176 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="3" dictRef="bo:oxidation">4,2,0</array>
1177 </atom>
1178 <atom id="Ag">
1179 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">47</scalar>
1180 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ag" />
1181 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Silver" />
1182 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">107.8682</scalar>
1183 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">106.905097</scalar>
1184 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.5762</scalar>
1185 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="2">1.30447</scalar>
1186 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.93</scalar>
1187 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'argentum' for silver.</scalar>
1188 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.53</scalar>
1189 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.1</scalar>
1190 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.88 0.88 1.00</array>
1191 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2436</scalar>
1192 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1235.1</scalar>
1193 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1194 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ancient</array>
1195 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">0</scalar>
1196 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1197 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
1198 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d10 5s1</scalar>
1199 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1200 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:oxidation">2,1</array>
1201 </atom>
1202 <atom id="Cd">
1203 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">48</scalar>
1204 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Cd" />
1205 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Cadmium" />
1206 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="8">112.411</scalar>
1207 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">113.9033585</scalar>
1208 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">8.9938</scalar>
1209 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
1210 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.69</scalar>
1211 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'kadmia' ('Galmei' = Zinc carbonate).</scalar>
1212 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.48</scalar>
1213 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.2</scalar>
1214 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">1.00 0.85 0.56</array>
1215 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1040</scalar>
1216 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">594.26</scalar>
1217 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1218 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
1219 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1817</scalar>
1220 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">F. Stromeyer</array>
1221 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1222 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">2</scalar>
1223 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d10 5s2</scalar>
1224 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1225 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">2</array>
1226 </atom>
1227 <atom id="In">
1228 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">49</scalar>
1229 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="In" />
1230 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Indium" />
1231 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">114.818</scalar>
1232 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">114.903878</scalar>
1233 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.7864</scalar>
1234 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="9">0.404</scalar>
1235 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.78</scalar>
1236 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after 'Indigo' because of its blue spectrum.</scalar>
1237 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.44</scalar>
1238 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.2</scalar>
1239 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.65 0.46 0.45</array>
1240 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2350</scalar>
1241 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">429.78</scalar>
1242 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
1243 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
1244 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1863</scalar>
1245 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">F. Reich;H.T. Richter</array>
1246 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1247 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">3</scalar>
1248 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1</scalar>
1249 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
1250 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="1" dictRef="bo:oxidation">3</array>
1251 </atom>
1252 <atom id="Sn">
1253 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">50</scalar>
1254 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Sn" />
1255 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Tin" />
1256 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="7">118.710</scalar>
1257 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">119.9021947</scalar>
1258 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.3439</scalar>
1259 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="15">1.112066</scalar>
1260 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.96</scalar>
1261 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'stannum' for tin.</scalar>
1262 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.41</scalar>
1263 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.25</scalar>
1264 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.40 0.50 0.50</array>
1265 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2876</scalar>
1266 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">505.12</scalar>
1267 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
1268 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ancient</array>
1269 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">0</scalar>
1270 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1271 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
1272 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2</scalar>
1273 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
1274 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:oxidation">4,2</array>
1275 </atom>
1276 <atom id="Sb">
1277 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">51</scalar>
1278 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Sb" />
1279 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Antimony" />
1280 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">121.760</scalar>
1281 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">120.9038157</scalar>
1282 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">8.6084</scalar>
1283 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="20">1.047401</scalar>
1284 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.05</scalar>
1285 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Arabic 'anthos ammonos' for 'blossom of the god Ammon'.</scalar>
1286 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.38</scalar>
1287 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.2</scalar>
1288 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.62 0.39 0.71</array>
1289 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1860</scalar>
1290 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">903.91</scalar>
1291 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
1292 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ancient</array>
1293 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">0</scalar>
1294 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1295 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
1296 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3</scalar>
1297 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Metalloids</scalar>
1298 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="3" dictRef="bo:oxidation">5,3,-3</array>
1299 </atom>
1300 <atom id="Te">
1301 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">52</scalar>
1302 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Te" />
1303 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Tellurium" />
1304 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">127.60</scalar>
1305 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">129.9062244</scalar>
1306 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">9.0096</scalar>
1307 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="7">1.970875</scalar>
1308 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.1</scalar>
1309 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'tellus' or 'telluris' for 'Planet Earth'.</scalar>
1310 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.35</scalar>
1311 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.1</scalar>
1312 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.83 0.48 0.00</array>
1313 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1261</scalar>
1314 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">722.72</scalar>
1315 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
1316 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
1317 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1782</scalar>
1318 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Franz Joseph Muller von Reichstein</array>
1319 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1320 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
1321 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4</scalar>
1322 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Metalloids</scalar>
1323 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="3" dictRef="bo:oxidation">6,4,-2</array>
1324 </atom>
1325 <atom id="I">
1326 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">53</scalar>
1327 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="I" />
1328 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Iodine" />
1329 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">126.90447</scalar>
1330 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">126.904473</scalar>
1331 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">10.4513</scalar>
1332 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="10">3.059038</scalar>
1333 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.66</scalar>
1334 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'ioeides' for 'violet'.</scalar>
1335 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.33</scalar>
1336 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.1</scalar>
1337 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.58 0.00 0.58</array>
1338 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">457.5</scalar>
1339 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">386.7</scalar>
1340 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
1341 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">fr</array>
1342 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1811</scalar>
1343 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Bernard Courtois</array>
1344 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1345 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
1346 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5</scalar>
1347 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Halogen</scalar>
1348 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="4" dictRef="bo:oxidation">7,5,1,-1</array>
1349 </atom>
1350 <atom id="Xe">
1351 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">54</scalar>
1352 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Xe" />
1353 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Xenon" />
1354 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="6">131.293</scalar>
1355 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">131.9041535</scalar>
1356 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">12.1298</scalar>
1357 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
1358 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.6</scalar>
1359 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'xenos' for 'foreigner'.</scalar>
1360 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.30</scalar>
1361 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.16</scalar>
1362 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.26 0.62 0.69</array>
1363 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">165.1</scalar>
1364 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">161.39</scalar>
1365 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
1366 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
1367 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1898</scalar>
1368 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">W. Ramsay;M. W. Travers</array>
1369 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">5</scalar>
1370 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
1371 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6</scalar>
1372 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Noblegas</scalar>
1373 <array dataType="xsd:int" delimiter="," size="3" dictRef="bo:oxidation">2,4,6</array>
1374 </atom>
1375 <atom id="Cs">
1376 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">55</scalar>
1377 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Cs" />
1378 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Caesium" />
1379 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">132.9054519</scalar>
1380 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">132.9054519</scalar>
1381 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">3.8939</scalar>
1382 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="25">0.471626</scalar>
1383 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">0.79</scalar>
1384 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'caesius' for 'heaven blue'.</scalar>
1385 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">2.25</scalar>
1386 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">3</scalar>
1387 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.34 0.09 0.56</array>
1388 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">944</scalar>
1389 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">301.54</scalar>
1390 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
1391 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
1392 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1860</scalar>
1393 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Robert Wilhelm Bunsen;Gustav Robert Kirchhoff</array>
1394 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1395 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
1396 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 6s1</scalar>
1397 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Alkali_Earth</scalar>
1398 </atom>
1399 <atom id="Ba">
1400 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">56</scalar>
1401 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ba" />
1402 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Barium" />
1403 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="7">137.327</scalar>
1404 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">137.9052472</scalar>
1405 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.2117</scalar>
1406 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="6">0.14462</scalar>
1407 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">0.89</scalar>
1408 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'barys' for 'heavy'.</scalar>
1409 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.98</scalar>
1410 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.7</scalar>
1411 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 0.79 0.00</array>
1412 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2078</scalar>
1413 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1002</scalar>
1414 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
1415 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
1416 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1808</scalar>
1417 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Humphry Bartholomew Davy</array>
1418 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1419 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">2</scalar>
1420 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 6s2</scalar>
1421 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Alkaline_Earth</scalar>
1422 </atom>
1423 <atom id="La">
1424 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">57</scalar>
1425 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="La" />
1426 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Lanthanum" />
1427 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="7">138.90547</scalar>
1428 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">138.9063533</scalar>
1429 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.5769</scalar>
1430 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="2">0.47</scalar>
1431 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.10</scalar>
1432 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'lanthanein' for 'hidden'. The Lanthanoids are also called the 'rare earth' elements.</scalar>
1433 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.69</scalar>
1434 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.5</scalar>
1435 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.44 0.83 1.00</array>
1436 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3737</scalar>
1437 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1191</scalar>
1438 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1439 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se</array>
1440 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1839</scalar>
1441 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">K. G. Mosander</array>
1442 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1443 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">3</scalar>
1444 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 5d1 6s2</scalar>
1445 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1446 </atom>
1447 <atom id="Ce">
1448 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">58</scalar>
1449 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ce" />
1450 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Cerium" />
1451 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">140.116</scalar>
1452 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">139.9054387</scalar>
1453 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.5387</scalar>
1454 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1455 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.12</scalar>
1456 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the planetoid Ceres.</scalar>
1457 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.48</scalar>
1458 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">1.00 1.00 0.78</array>
1459 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3715</scalar>
1460 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1071</scalar>
1461 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1462 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1803</scalar>
1463 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="3" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Jöns Jacob Berzelius;W. Hisinger;M. Klaproth</array>
1464 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1465 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
1466 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2</scalar>
1467 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1468 </atom>
1469 <atom id="Pr">
1470 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">59</scalar>
1471 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Pr" />
1472 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Praseodymium" />
1473 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">140.90765</scalar>
1474 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">140.9076528</scalar>
1475 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.473</scalar>
1476 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1477 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.13</scalar>
1478 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'prasinos didymos' for 'green twin'.</scalar>
1479 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.47</scalar>
1480 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.85 1.00 0.78</array>
1481 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3785</scalar>
1482 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1204</scalar>
1483 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1484 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1885</scalar>
1485 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Carl F. Auer von Welsbach</array>
1486 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1487 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
1488 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f3 6s2</scalar>
1489 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1490 </atom>
1491 <atom id="Nd">
1492 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">60</scalar>
1493 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Nd" />
1494 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Neodymium" />
1495 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">144.242</scalar>
1496 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">141.9077233</scalar>
1497 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.5250</scalar>
1498 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1499 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.14</scalar>
1500 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'neos didymos' for 'new twin'.</scalar>
1501 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.45</scalar>
1502 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.78 1.00 0.78</array>
1503 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3347</scalar>
1504 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1294</scalar>
1505 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1506 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1885</scalar>
1507 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Carl F. Auer von Welsbach</array>
1508 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1509 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
1510 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f4 6s2</scalar>
1511 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1512 </atom>
1513 <atom id="Pm">
1514 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">61</scalar>
1515 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Pm" />
1516 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Promethium" />
1517 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">145</scalar>
1518 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">144.912749</scalar>
1519 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.582</scalar>
1520 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1521 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the Greek Prometheus. Prometheus stole the fire from the gods and gave it to mankind.</scalar>
1522 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.43</scalar>
1523 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.64 1.00 0.78</array>
1524 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3273</scalar>
1525 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1315</scalar>
1526 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1527 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1945</scalar>
1528 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="3" dictRef="bo:discoverers">J. A. Marinsky;C. D. Coryell;L. E. Glendenin</array>
1529 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1530 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
1531 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f5 6s2</scalar>
1532 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1533 </atom>
1534 <atom id="Sm">
1535 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">62</scalar>
1536 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Sm" />
1537 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Samarium" />
1538 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">150.36</scalar>
1539 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">151.9197324</scalar>
1540 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.6437</scalar>
1541 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1542 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.17</scalar>
1543 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the mineral Samarskit.</scalar>
1544 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.42</scalar>
1545 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.56 1.00 0.78</array>
1546 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2067</scalar>
1547 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1347</scalar>
1548 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1549 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1879</scalar>
1550 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">P. Lecoq de Boisbaudran</array>
1551 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1552 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
1553 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f6 6s2</scalar>
1554 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1555 </atom>
1556 <atom id="Eu">
1557 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">63</scalar>
1558 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Eu" />
1559 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Europium" />
1560 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">151.964</scalar>
1561 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">152.9212303</scalar>
1562 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.6704</scalar>
1563 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1564 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after Europe.</scalar>
1565 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.4</scalar>
1566 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.38 1.00 0.78</array>
1567 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1800</scalar>
1568 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1095</scalar>
1569 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1570 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1901</scalar>
1571 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">E. A. Demarcay</array>
1572 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1573 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
1574 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f7 6s2</scalar>
1575 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1576 </atom>
1577 <atom id="Gd">
1578 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">64</scalar>
1579 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Gd" />
1580 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Gadolinium" />
1581 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">157.25</scalar>
1582 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">157.9241039</scalar>
1583 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.1498</scalar>
1584 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1585 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.20</scalar>
1586 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the Finnish chemist Johan Gadolin.</scalar>
1587 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.38</scalar>
1588 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.27 1.00 0.78</array>
1589 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3545</scalar>
1590 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1585</scalar>
1591 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1592 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1880</scalar>
1593 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Jean de Marignac</array>
1594 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1595 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
1596 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2</scalar>
1597 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1598 </atom>
1599 <atom id="Tb">
1600 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">65</scalar>
1601 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Tb" />
1602 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Terbium" />
1603 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">158.92535</scalar>
1604 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">158.9253468</scalar>
1605 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.8638</scalar>
1606 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1607 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the Swedish town of Ytterby and the mineral ytterbite from which Terbium was first refined. Yttrium, Erbium and Ytterbium are also named after this town.</scalar>
1608 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.37</scalar>
1609 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.19 1.00 0.78</array>
1610 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3500</scalar>
1611 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1629</scalar>
1612 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1613 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1843</scalar>
1614 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">K. G. Mosander</array>
1615 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1616 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
1617 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f9 6s2</scalar>
1618 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1619 </atom>
1620 <atom id="Dy">
1621 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">66</scalar>
1622 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Dy" />
1623 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Dysprosium" />
1624 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">162.500</scalar>
1625 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">163.9291748</scalar>
1626 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.9389</scalar>
1627 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1628 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.22</scalar>
1629 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'dysprositor' for 'difficult to reach'.</scalar>
1630 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.35</scalar>
1631 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.12 1.00 0.78</array>
1632 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2840</scalar>
1633 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1685</scalar>
1634 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1635 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1886</scalar>
1636 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">F. E. Lecoq de Boisbaudran</array>
1637 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1638 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">2</scalar>
1639 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f10 6s2</scalar>
1640 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1641 </atom>
1642 <atom id="Ho">
1643 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">67</scalar>
1644 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ho" />
1645 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Holmium" />
1646 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">164.93032</scalar>
1647 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">164.9303221</scalar>
1648 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.0215</scalar>
1649 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1650 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.23</scalar>
1651 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'holmia' for the old name of Stockholm.</scalar>
1652 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.33</scalar>
1653 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 1.00 0.61</array>
1654 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2968</scalar>
1655 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1747</scalar>
1656 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1657 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1878</scalar>
1658 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">J. L. Soret;P.T. Cleve</array>
1659 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1660 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">3</scalar>
1661 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f11 6s2</scalar>
1662 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1663 </atom>
1664 <atom id="Er">
1665 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">68</scalar>
1666 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Er" />
1667 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Erbium" />
1668 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">167.259</scalar>
1669 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">165.9302931</scalar>
1670 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.1077</scalar>
1671 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1672 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.24</scalar>
1673 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the Swedish town of Ytterby where the mineral gadolinite (from which Erbium was first refined) was first mined. Yttrium, Terbium and Ytterbium are also named after this town.</scalar>
1674 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.32</scalar>
1675 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 0.90 0.46</array>
1676 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3140</scalar>
1677 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1802</scalar>
1678 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1679 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1843</scalar>
1680 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">K. G. Mosander</array>
1681 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1682 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
1683 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f12 6s2</scalar>
1684 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1685 </atom>
1686 <atom id="Tm">
1687 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">69</scalar>
1688 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Tm" />
1689 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Thulium" />
1690 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">168.93421</scalar>
1691 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">168.9342133</scalar>
1692 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.1843</scalar>
1693 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1694 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.25</scalar>
1695 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the old name of Scandinavia, 'Thule'.</scalar>
1696 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.3</scalar>
1697 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 0.83 0.32</array>
1698 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2223</scalar>
1699 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1818</scalar>
1700 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1701 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1879</scalar>
1702 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">P. T. Cleve</array>
1703 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1704 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
1705 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f13 6s2</scalar>
1706 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1707 </atom>
1708 <atom id="Yb">
1709 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">70</scalar>
1710 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Yb" />
1711 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Ytterbium" />
1712 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="5">173.054</scalar>
1713 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">173.9388621</scalar>
1714 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.2542</scalar>
1715 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1716 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Like Yttrium, Terbium and Erbium, this is named after the Swedish town of Ytterby.</scalar>
1717 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.28</scalar>
1718 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 0.75 0.22</array>
1719 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1469</scalar>
1720 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1092</scalar>
1721 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1722 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1878</scalar>
1723 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">J. Ch. Marignac</array>
1724 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1725 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
1726 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 6s2</scalar>
1727 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1728 </atom>
1729 <atom id="Lu">
1730 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">71</scalar>
1731 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Lu" />
1732 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Lutetium" />
1733 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">174.9668</scalar>
1734 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">174.9407718</scalar>
1735 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.4259</scalar>
1736 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0.5</scalar>
1737 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.27</scalar>
1738 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the Roman name 'Lutetia' for Paris.</scalar>
1739 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.60</scalar>
1740 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.27</scalar>
1741 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 0.67 0.14</array>
1742 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3668</scalar>
1743 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1936</scalar>
1744 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
1745 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1907</scalar>
1746 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Carl F. Auer von Welsbach;G. Urbain</array>
1747 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1748 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
1749 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d1 6s2</scalar>
1750 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Rare_Earth</scalar>
1751 </atom>
1752 <atom id="Hf">
1753 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">72</scalar>
1754 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Hf" />
1755 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Hafnium" />
1756 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">178.49</scalar>
1757 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">179.94655</scalar>
1758 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.8251</scalar>
1759 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
1760 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.3</scalar>
1761 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Niels Bohr originally predicted the properties of this element before discovery, so it was named after his hometown of 'Hafnia' (the old Latin name of Copenhagen, Denmark).</scalar>
1762 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.50</scalar>
1763 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.25</scalar>
1764 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.30 0.76 1.00</array>
1765 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">4875</scalar>
1766 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2504</scalar>
1767 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1768 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">dk</array>
1769 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1923</scalar>
1770 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">D. Coster;G. Hevesy</array>
1771 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1772 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
1773 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2</scalar>
1774 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1775 </atom>
1776 <atom id="Ta">
1777 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">73</scalar>
1778 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ta" />
1779 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Tantalum" />
1780 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">180.94788</scalar>
1781 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">180.9479958</scalar>
1782 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.5496</scalar>
1783 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="12">0.322</scalar>
1784 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.5</scalar>
1785 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the Greek myth of Tantalos.</scalar>
1786 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.38</scalar>
1787 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.2</scalar>
1788 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.30 0.65 1.00</array>
1789 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">5730</scalar>
1790 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3293</scalar>
1791 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1792 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">se</array>
1793 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1802</scalar>
1794 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">A. Ekeberg</array>
1795 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1796 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
1797 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2</scalar>
1798 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1799 </atom>
1800 <atom id="W">
1801 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">74</scalar>
1802 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="W" />
1803 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Tungsten" />
1804 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">183.84</scalar>
1805 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">183.9509312</scalar>
1806 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.8640</scalar>
1807 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="8">0.815</scalar>
1808 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.36</scalar>
1809 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">The name comes from the Swedish 'tung sten' which means 'heavy stone'. The symbol comes from the old German name for the element 'wolfram', which described how tungsten interacts with tin 'like a wolf eats a sheep (ram)'.</scalar>
1810 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.46</scalar>
1811 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.1</scalar>
1812 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.13 0.58 0.84</array>
1813 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">5825</scalar>
1814 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3695</scalar>
1815 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1816 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">es</array>
1817 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1783</scalar>
1818 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">C. W. Scheele</array>
1819 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1820 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
1821 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2</scalar>
1822 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1823 </atom>
1824 <atom id="Re">
1825 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">75</scalar>
1826 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Re" />
1827 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Rhenium" />
1828 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">186.207</scalar>
1829 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">186.9557531</scalar>
1830 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.8335</scalar>
1831 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="15">0.15</scalar>
1832 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.9</scalar>
1833 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the German river Rhine (latin 'Rhenium').</scalar>
1834 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.59</scalar>
1835 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.05</scalar>
1836 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.15 0.49 0.67</array>
1837 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">5870</scalar>
1838 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3455</scalar>
1839 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1840 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
1841 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1925</scalar>
1842 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="3" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Walter Noddack;Ida Tacke-Noddack;Otto Berg</array>
1843 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1844 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
1845 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2</scalar>
1846 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1847 </atom>
1848 <atom id="Os">
1849 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">76</scalar>
1850 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Os" />
1851 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Osmium" />
1852 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">190.23</scalar>
1853 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">191.9614807</scalar>
1854 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">8.4382</scalar>
1855 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="12">1.07780</scalar>
1856 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.2</scalar>
1857 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek for 'smell'. Its oxides smell strongly like radishes.</scalar>
1858 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.28</scalar>
1859 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
1860 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.15 0.40 0.59</array>
1861 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">5300</scalar>
1862 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3300</scalar>
1863 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1864 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
1865 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1804</scalar>
1866 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">S. Tennant</array>
1867 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1868 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
1869 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2</scalar>
1870 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1871 </atom>
1872 <atom id="Ir">
1873 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">77</scalar>
1874 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ir" />
1875 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Iridium" />
1876 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">192.217</scalar>
1877 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">192.9629264</scalar>
1878 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">8.9670</scalar>
1879 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="15">1.56436</scalar>
1880 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.20</scalar>
1881 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'iris' for 'rainbow'.</scalar>
1882 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.37</scalar>
1883 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
1884 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.09 0.33 0.53</array>
1885 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">4700</scalar>
1886 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2720</scalar>
1887 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1888 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
1889 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1804</scalar>
1890 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">S. Tennant</array>
1891 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1892 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
1893 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2</scalar>
1894 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1895 </atom>
1896 <atom id="Pt">
1897 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">78</scalar>
1898 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Pt" />
1899 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Platinum" />
1900 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="9">195.084</scalar>
1901 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">194.9647911</scalar>
1902 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">8.9588</scalar>
1903 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="5">2.12510</scalar>
1904 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.28</scalar>
1905 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Spanish 'platina' means 'small silver'.</scalar>
1906 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.28</scalar>
1907 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.05</scalar>
1908 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.96 0.93 0.82</array>
1909 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">4100</scalar>
1910 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2042.1</scalar>
1911 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1912 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
1913 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1735</scalar>
1914 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">A. de Ulloa</array>
1915 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1916 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
1917 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1</scalar>
1918 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1919 </atom>
1920 <atom id="Au">
1921 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">79</scalar>
1922 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Au" />
1923 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Gold" />
1924 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="4">196.966569</scalar>
1925 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">196.9665687</scalar>
1926 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">9.2255</scalar>
1927 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="3">2.30861</scalar>
1928 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.54</scalar>
1929 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'aurum'. Named after Aurora, the goddess of sunrise.</scalar>
1930 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.44</scalar>
1931 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.1</scalar>
1932 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.80 0.82 0.12</array>
1933 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3130</scalar>
1934 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1337.58</scalar>
1935 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1936 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ancient</array>
1937 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">0</scalar>
1938 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1939 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
1940 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1</scalar>
1941 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1942 </atom>
1943 <atom id="Hg">
1944 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">80</scalar>
1945 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Hg" />
1946 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Mercury" />
1947 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">200.59</scalar>
1948 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">201.970643</scalar>
1949 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">10.4375</scalar>
1950 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
1951 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.00</scalar>
1952 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Graeco-Latin 'hydrargyrum' for 'liquid silver'.</scalar>
1953 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.49</scalar>
1954 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.05</scalar>
1955 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.71 0.71 0.76</array>
1956 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">629.88</scalar>
1957 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">234.31</scalar>
1958 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
1959 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ancient</array>
1960 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">0</scalar>
1961 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1962 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">2</scalar>
1963 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2</scalar>
1964 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
1965 </atom>
1966 <atom id="Tl">
1967 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">81</scalar>
1968 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Tl" />
1969 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Thallium" />
1970 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">204.3833</scalar>
1971 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">204.9744275</scalar>
1972 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.1082</scalar>
1973 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="13">0.377</scalar>
1974 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.62</scalar>
1975 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'tallos' for 'young twig'.</scalar>
1976 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.48</scalar>
1977 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.2</scalar>
1978 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.65 0.33 0.30</array>
1979 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1746</scalar>
1980 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">577</scalar>
1981 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
1982 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">uk</array>
1983 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1861</scalar>
1984 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">W. Crookes</array>
1985 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
1986 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">3</scalar>
1987 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1</scalar>
1988 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
1989 </atom>
1990 <atom id="Pb">
1991 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">82</scalar>
1992 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Pb" />
1993 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Lead" />
1994 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">207.2</scalar>
1995 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">207.9766521</scalar>
1996 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.4167</scalar>
1997 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="8">0.364</scalar>
1998 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.33</scalar>
1999 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'plumbum' for Lead.</scalar>
2000 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.47</scalar>
2001 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.3</scalar>
2002 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.34 0.35 0.38</array>
2003 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2023</scalar>
2004 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">600.65</scalar>
2005 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
2006 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ancient</array>
2007 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">0</scalar>
2008 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
2009 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
2010 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2</scalar>
2011 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2012 </atom>
2013 <atom id="Bi">
2014 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">83</scalar>
2015 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Bi" />
2016 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Bismuth" />
2017 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="1">208.98040</scalar>
2018 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">208.9803987</scalar>
2019 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">7.2855</scalar>
2020 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="25">0.942363</scalar>
2021 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.02</scalar>
2022 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">The old name of Bismuth is 'Wismut', which stood for 'white mass'.</scalar>
2023 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.46</scalar>
2024 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.3</scalar>
2025 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.62 0.31 0.71</array>
2026 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1837</scalar>
2027 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">544.59</scalar>
2028 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
2029 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ancient</array>
2030 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">0</scalar>
2031 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
2032 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
2033 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3</scalar>
2034 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2035 </atom>
2036 <atom id="Po">
2037 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">84</scalar>
2038 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Po" />
2039 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Polonium" />
2040 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">209</scalar>
2041 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">208.9824304</scalar>
2042 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">8.414</scalar>
2043 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="3">1.9</scalar>
2044 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.0</scalar>
2045 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after Poland to honor Marie Curie.</scalar>
2046 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2047 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.67 0.36 0.00</array>
2048 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">527</scalar>
2049 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
2050 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">fr</array>
2051 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1898</scalar>
2052 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">M. Sklodowska-Curie;P. Curie</array>
2053 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
2054 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
2055 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4</scalar>
2056 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Metalloids</scalar>
2057 </atom>
2058 <atom id="At">
2059 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">85</scalar>
2060 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="At" />
2061 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Astatine" />
2062 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">210</scalar>
2063 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">209.987148</scalar>
2064 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
2065 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev" errorValue="2">2.8</scalar>
2066 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">2.2</scalar>
2067 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'astator' for 'changing'.</scalar>
2068 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2069 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.46 0.31 0.27</array>
2070 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">610</scalar>
2071 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">575</scalar>
2072 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
2073 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">us</array>
2074 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1940</scalar>
2075 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="3" dictRef="bo:discoverers">D. R. Corson;K. R. McKenzie;E. Segre</array>
2076 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
2077 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
2078 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5</scalar>
2079 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Halogen</scalar>
2080 </atom>
2081 <atom id="Rn">
2082 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">86</scalar>
2083 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Rn" />
2084 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Radon" />
2085 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">222</scalar>
2086 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">222.0175777</scalar>
2087 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">10.7485</scalar>
2088 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronAffinity" units="units:ev">0</scalar>
2089 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after Radium. It ends with 'on' to make it clear that it is a noble gas.</scalar>
2090 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusCovalent" units="units:ang">1.45</scalar>
2091 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2092 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.26 0.51 0.59</array>
2093 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">211.4</scalar>
2094 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">202</scalar>
2095 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
2096 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
2097 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1898</scalar>
2098 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">E. Dorn</array>
2099 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">6</scalar>
2100 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
2101 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6</scalar>
2102 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Noblegas</scalar>
2103 </atom>
2104 <atom id="Fr">
2105 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">87</scalar>
2106 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Fr" />
2107 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Francium" />
2108 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">223</scalar>
2109 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">223.0197359</scalar>
2110 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">4.0727</scalar>
2111 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">0.7</scalar>
2112 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after France to honor Marguerite Perey.</scalar>
2113 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2114 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.26 0.00 0.40</array>
2115 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">950</scalar>
2116 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">300</scalar>
2117 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
2118 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">fr</array>
2119 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1939</scalar>
2120 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">M. Perey</array>
2121 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2122 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
2123 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 7s1</scalar>
2124 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Alkali_Earth</scalar>
2125 </atom>
2126 <atom id="Ra">
2127 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">88</scalar>
2128 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ra" />
2129 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Radium" />
2130 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">226</scalar>
2131 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">226.0254098</scalar>
2132 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.2784</scalar>
2133 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">0.9</scalar>
2134 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'radius' for 'beam', as it is radioactive.</scalar>
2135 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2136 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 0.49 0.00</array>
2137 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1413</scalar>
2138 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">973</scalar>
2139 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">s</scalar>
2140 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">fr</array>
2141 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1898</scalar>
2142 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">M. Sklodowska-Curie;P. Curie</array>
2143 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2144 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">2</scalar>
2145 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 7s2</scalar>
2146 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Alkaline_Earth</scalar>
2147 </atom>
2148 <atom id="Ac">
2149 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">89</scalar>
2150 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ac" />
2151 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Actinium" />
2152 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">227</scalar>
2153 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">227.0277521</scalar>
2154 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.17</scalar>
2155 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.1</scalar>
2156 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'aktis' for 'beam' - actinium is radioactive.</scalar>
2157 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2158 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.44 0.67 0.98</array>
2159 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3470</scalar>
2160 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1324</scalar>
2161 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2162 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">fr</array>
2163 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1899</scalar>
2164 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">A. L. Debierne</array>
2165 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2166 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">3</scalar>
2167 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 6d1 7s2</scalar>
2168 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2169 </atom>
2170 <atom id="Th">
2171 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">90</scalar>
2172 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Th" />
2173 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Thorium" />
2174 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">232.03806</scalar>
2175 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">232.0380553</scalar>
2176 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.3067</scalar>
2177 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.3</scalar>
2178 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the Norse god of thunder: Thor</scalar>
2179 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.4</scalar>
2180 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 0.73 1.00</array>
2181 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">5060</scalar>
2182 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2028</scalar>
2183 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2184 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1828</scalar>
2185 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">J. J. Berzelius</array>
2186 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2187 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
2188 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 6d2 7s2</scalar>
2189 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2190 </atom>
2191 <atom id="Pa">
2192 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">91</scalar>
2193 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Pa" />
2194 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Protactinium" />
2195 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="2">231.03588</scalar>
2196 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">231.035884</scalar>
2197 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.89</scalar>
2198 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.5</scalar>
2199 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'protos' for 'ancester'. Protactinium is named in this way because Actinium is a product of decay radiation of Protactinium.</scalar>
2200 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2201 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 0.63 1.00</array>
2202 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">4300</scalar>
2203 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1845</scalar>
2204 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2205 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1917</scalar>
2206 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="3" dictRef="bo:discoverers">O. Hahn;L. Meitern;W. Wollaston</array>
2207 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2208 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
2209 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2</scalar>
2210 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2211 </atom>
2212 <atom id="U">
2213 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">92</scalar>
2214 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="U" />
2215 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Uranium" />
2216 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass" errorValue="3">238.02891</scalar>
2217 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">238.0507882</scalar>
2218 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.1941</scalar>
2219 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.38</scalar>
2220 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Greek 'ouranos' for 'heaven'. Named after the planet Uranus.</scalar>
2221 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2.3</scalar>
2222 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 0.56 1.00</array>
2223 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">4407</scalar>
2224 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1408</scalar>
2225 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2226 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1789</scalar>
2227 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">M. M. Klaproth</array>
2228 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2229 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
2230 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2</scalar>
2231 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2232 </atom>
2233 <atom id="Np">
2234 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">93</scalar>
2235 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Np" />
2236 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Neptunium" />
2237 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">237</scalar>
2238 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">237.0481734</scalar>
2239 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.2657</scalar>
2240 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.36</scalar>
2241 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the planet Neptune.</scalar>
2242 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2243 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 0.50 1.00</array>
2244 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">4175</scalar>
2245 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">912</scalar>
2246 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2247 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1940</scalar>
2248 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">E. M. McMillan;P. Aberson</array>
2249 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2250 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
2251 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2</scalar>
2252 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2253 </atom>
2254 <atom id="Pu">
2255 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">94</scalar>
2256 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Pu" />
2257 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Plutonium" />
2258 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">244</scalar>
2259 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">244.064204</scalar>
2260 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.0260</scalar>
2261 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.28</scalar>
2262 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the planet Pluto.</scalar>
2263 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2264 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.00 0.42 1.00</array>
2265 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3505</scalar>
2266 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">913</scalar>
2267 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2268 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1940</scalar>
2269 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="4" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Glenn T. Seaborg;E. M. McMillan;J. W. Kennedy;A.C. Wahl</array>
2270 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2271 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
2272 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f6 7s2</scalar>
2273 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2274 </atom>
2275 <atom id="Am">
2276 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">95</scalar>
2277 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Am" />
2278 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Americium" />
2279 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">243</scalar>
2280 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">243.0613811</scalar>
2281 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.9738</scalar>
2282 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.3</scalar>
2283 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after America.</scalar>
2284 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2285 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.33 0.36 0.95</array>
2286 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">2880</scalar>
2287 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1449</scalar>
2288 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2289 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1945</scalar>
2290 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="4" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Glenn T. Seaborg;L. O. Morgan;R. A. James;A. Ghiors</array>
2291 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2292 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
2293 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f7 7s2</scalar>
2294 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2295 </atom>
2296 <atom id="Cm">
2297 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">96</scalar>
2298 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Cm" />
2299 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Curium" />
2300 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">247</scalar>
2301 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">247.070354</scalar>
2302 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">5.9914</scalar>
2303 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.3</scalar>
2304 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after Marie Curie.</scalar>
2305 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2306 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.47 0.36 0.89</array>
2307 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">3383</scalar>
2308 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1620</scalar>
2309 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2310 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1944</scalar>
2311 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="3" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Glenn T. Seaborg;R. A. James;A. Ghiors</array>
2312 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2313 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
2314 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2</scalar>
2315 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2316 </atom>
2317 <atom id="Bk">
2318 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">97</scalar>
2319 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Bk" />
2320 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Berkelium" />
2321 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">247</scalar>
2322 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">247.070307</scalar>
2323 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.1979</scalar>
2324 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.3</scalar>
2325 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the town Berkeley where it was discovered.</scalar>
2326 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2327 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.54 0.31 0.89</array>
2328 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">983</scalar>
2329 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1258</scalar>
2330 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2331 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1949</scalar>
2332 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="3" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Glenn T. Seaborg;A. Ghiors;S. G. Thompson</array>
2333 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2334 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
2335 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f9 7s2</scalar>
2336 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2337 </atom>
2338 <atom id="Cf">
2339 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">98</scalar>
2340 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Cf" />
2341 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Californium" />
2342 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">251</scalar>
2343 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">251.079587</scalar>
2344 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.2817</scalar>
2345 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.3</scalar>
2346 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the US-State of California.</scalar>
2347 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2348 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.63 0.21 0.83</array>
2349 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:boilingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1743</scalar>
2350 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1172</scalar>
2351 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2352 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1950</scalar>
2353 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="3" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Glenn T. Seaborg;A. Ghiors;S. G. Thompson</array>
2354 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2355 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">2</scalar>
2356 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f10 7s2</scalar>
2357 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2358 </atom>
2359 <atom id="Es">
2360 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">99</scalar>
2361 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Es" />
2362 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Einsteinium" />
2363 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">252</scalar>
2364 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">252.08298</scalar>
2365 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.42</scalar>
2366 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.3</scalar>
2367 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the scientist Albert Einstein.</scalar>
2368 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2369 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.70 0.12 0.83</array>
2370 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1133</scalar>
2371 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2372 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1952</scalar>
2373 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Glenn T. Seaborg;et al.</array>
2374 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2375 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">3</scalar>
2376 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f11 7s2</scalar>
2377 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2378 </atom>
2379 <atom id="Fm">
2380 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">100</scalar>
2381 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Fm" />
2382 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Fermium" />
2383 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">257</scalar>
2384 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">257.095105</scalar>
2385 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.50</scalar>
2386 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.3</scalar>
2387 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the scientist Enrico Fermi.</scalar>
2388 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2389 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.70 0.12 0.73</array>
2390 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1125</scalar>
2391 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2392 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1953</scalar>
2393 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Glenn T. Seaborg;et al.</array>
2394 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2395 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
2396 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f12 7s2</scalar>
2397 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2398 </atom>
2399 <atom id="Md">
2400 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">101</scalar>
2401 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Md" />
2402 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Mendelevium" />
2403 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">258</scalar>
2404 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">258.098431</scalar>
2405 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.58</scalar>
2406 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.3</scalar>
2407 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the scientist D.I. Mendeleev.</scalar>
2408 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2409 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.70 0.05 0.65</array>
2410 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1100</scalar>
2411 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2412 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1955</scalar>
2413 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="5" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Glenn T. Seaborg;Albert Ghiorso;Bernard Harvey;Gregory Choppin;Stanley G. Thompson</array>
2414 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2415 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
2416 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f13 7s2</scalar>
2417 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2418 </atom>
2419 <atom id="No">
2420 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">102</scalar>
2421 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="No" />
2422 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Nobelium" />
2423 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">259</scalar>
2424 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">259.10103</scalar>
2425 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.65</scalar>
2426 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:electronegativityPauling" units="boUnits:paulingScaleUnit">1.3</scalar>
2427 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the scientist Alfred Nobel.</scalar>
2428 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2429 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.74 0.05 0.53</array>
2430 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1100</scalar>
2431 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2432 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1958</scalar>
2433 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2434 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
2435 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 7s2</scalar>
2436 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2437 </atom>
2438 <atom id="Lr">
2439 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">103</scalar>
2440 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Lr" />
2441 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Lawrencium" />
2442 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">262</scalar>
2443 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">262.10963</scalar>
2444 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">4.9</scalar>
2445 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the scientist Ernest Orlando Lawrence.</scalar>
2446 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2447 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.78 0.00 0.40</array>
2448 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:meltingpoint" units="siUnits:kelvin">1900</scalar>
2449 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">f</scalar>
2450 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1961</scalar>
2451 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="4" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Albert Ghiorso;Torbjorn Sikkeland;Almon Larsh;Robert M. Latimer</array>
2452 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2453 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
2454 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1</scalar>
2455 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2456 </atom>
2457 <atom id="Rf">
2458 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">104</scalar>
2459 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Rf" />
2460 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Rutherfordium" />
2461 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">265</scalar>
2462 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">261.10877</scalar>
2463 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:ionization" units="units:ev">6.0</scalar>
2464 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the scientist Ernest Rutherford.</scalar>
2465 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2466 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.80 0.00 0.35</array>
2467 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
2468 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ru,us</array>
2469 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1964</scalar>
2470 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2471 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
2472 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2</scalar>
2473 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
2474 </atom>
2475 <atom id="Db">
2476 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">105</scalar>
2477 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Db" />
2478 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Dubnium" />
2479 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">268</scalar>
2480 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">262.11408</scalar>
2481 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the science-town Dubna in Russia.</scalar>
2482 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2483 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.82 0.00 0.31</array>
2484 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
2485 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ru,us</array>
2486 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1967</scalar>
2487 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2488 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
2489 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2</scalar>
2490 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
2491 </atom>
2492 <atom id="Sg">
2493 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">106</scalar>
2494 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Sg" />
2495 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Seaborgium" />
2496 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">271</scalar>
2497 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">263.11832</scalar>
2498 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the scientist G. Theodore Seaborg.</scalar>
2499 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2500 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.85 0.00 0.27</array>
2501 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
2502 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ru,us</array>
2503 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1974</scalar>
2504 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Albert Ghiorso;et al.</array>
2505 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2506 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
2507 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d4 7s2</scalar>
2508 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
2509 </atom>
2510 <atom id="Bh">
2511 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">107</scalar>
2512 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Bh" />
2513 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Bohrium" />
2514 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">272</scalar>
2515 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">264.1246</scalar>
2516 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the scientist Niels Bohr.</scalar>
2517 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2518 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.88 0.00 0.22</array>
2519 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
2520 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ru</array>
2521 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1981</scalar>
2522 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="3" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Peter Armbruster;Gottfried Münzenber;et al.</array>
2523 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2524 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
2525 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2</scalar>
2526 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
2527 </atom>
2528 <atom id="Hs">
2529 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">108</scalar>
2530 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Hs" />
2531 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Hassium" />
2532 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">270</scalar>
2533 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">265.13009</scalar>
2534 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Latin 'hassia' for the German county Hessen. In Hessen a lot elements have been discovered.</scalar>
2535 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2536 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.90 0.00 0.18</array>
2537 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
2538 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
2539 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1984</scalar>
2540 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="3" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Peter Armbruster;Gottfried Münzenber;et al.</array>
2541 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2542 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
2543 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d6 7s2</scalar>
2544 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
2545 </atom>
2546 <atom id="Mt">
2547 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">109</scalar>
2548 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Mt" />
2549 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Meitnerium" />
2550 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">276</scalar>
2551 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">268.13873</scalar>
2552 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the scientist Lise Meitner.</scalar>
2553 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:radiusVDW" units="units:ang">2</scalar>
2554 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.91 0.00 0.15</array>
2555 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
2556 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
2557 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1982</scalar>
2558 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="3" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Peter Armbruster;Gottfried Münzenber;et al.</array>
2559 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2560 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
2561 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d7 7s2</scalar>
2562 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
2563 </atom>
2564 <atom id="Ds">
2565 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">110</scalar>
2566 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ds" />
2567 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Darmstadtium" />
2568 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">281</scalar>
2569 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">271.14606</scalar>
2570 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after the German city Darmstadt where many elements have been discovered.</scalar>
2571 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.92 0.00 0.14</array>
2572 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
2573 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
2574 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1994</scalar>
2575 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="8" dictRef="bo:discoverers">S. Hofmann;V. Ninov;F. P. Hessberger;P. Armbruster;H. Folger;G. Münzenberg;H. J. Schött;et al.</array>
2576 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2577 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
2578 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d8 7s2</scalar>
2579 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
2580 </atom>
2581 <atom id="Rg">
2582 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">111</scalar>
2583 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Rg" />
2584 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Roentgenium" />
2585 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">280</scalar>
2586 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">272.15362</scalar>
2587 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.</scalar>
2588 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.93 0.00 0.13</array>
2589 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
2590 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
2591 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1994</scalar>
2592 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="7" dictRef="bo:discoverers">S. Hofmann;V. Ninov;F. P. Hessberger;P. Armbruster;H. Folger;G. Münzenberg;et al.</array>
2593 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2594 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">1</scalar>
2595 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d9 7s2</scalar>
2596 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
2597 </atom>
2598 <atom id="Cn">
2599 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">112</scalar>
2600 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Cn" />
2601 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Copernicium" />
2602 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">285</scalar>
2603 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">285.17411</scalar>
2604 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Historically known as eka-mercury. Named after the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus.</scalar>
2605 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.94 0.00 0.12</array>
2606 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">d</scalar>
2607 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">de</array>
2608 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1996</scalar>
2609 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">First created at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung</array>
2610 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2611 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">2</scalar>
2612 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2</scalar>
2613 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Transition</scalar>
2614 </atom>
2615 <atom id="Nh">
2616 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">113</scalar>
2617 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Nh" />
2618 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Nihonium" />
2619 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">284</scalar>
2620 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">284.17808</scalar>
2621 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named after 'Nihon', the romanized spelling for 'Japan' in Japanese. The element was the first element discovered in Japan, at the RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science. Historically known as eka-thallium.</scalar>
2622 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.95 0.00 0.11</array>
2623 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
2624 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">jp,ru,us</array>
2625 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">2003</scalar>
2626 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Kosuke Morita at RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science in Japan; confirmed by Russian scientists at Dubna (JINR) and American scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.</array>
2627 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2628 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">3</scalar>
2629 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p1</scalar>
2630 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2631 </atom>
2632 <atom id="Fl">
2633 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">114</scalar>
2634 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Fl" />
2635 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Flerovium" />
2636 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">289</scalar>
2637 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">289.18728</scalar>
2638 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Historically known as eka-lead. Named after Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (Dubna, Russia) where superheavy elements are synthesized.</scalar>
2639 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.96 0.00 0.10</array>
2640 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
2641 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ru,us</array>
2642 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">1998</scalar>
2643 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Joint Institute for Nuclear Research</array>
2644 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2645 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">4</scalar>
2646 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2</scalar>
2647 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2648 </atom>
2649 <atom id="Mc">
2650 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">115</scalar>
2651 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Mc" />
2652 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Moscovium" />
2653 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">288</scalar>
2654 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">288.19249</scalar>
2655 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named for the Moscow, Russia, region which is home to the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research that was a co-discoverer of this element. Historically known as eka-bismuth.</scalar>
2656 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.97 0.00 0.09</array>
2657 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
2658 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ru,us</array>
2659 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">2004</scalar>
2660 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Russian scientists at Dubna (JINR);American scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Vanderbilt University.</array>
2661 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2662 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">5</scalar>
2663 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p3</scalar>
2664 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2665 </atom>
2666 <atom id="Lv">
2667 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">116</scalar>
2668 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Lv" />
2669 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Livermorium" />
2670 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">293</scalar>
2671 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:exactMass" units="units:atmass">292.19979</scalar>
2672 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Historically known as eka-polonium. Named after Livermore National Laboratory (USA).</scalar>
2673 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.98 0.00 0.08</array>
2674 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
2675 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ru</array>
2676 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">2000</scalar>
2677 <array dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Joint Institute for Nuclear Research</array>
2678 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2679 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">6</scalar>
2680 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4</scalar>
2681 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Other_Metal</scalar>
2682 </atom>
2683 <atom id="Ts">
2684 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">117</scalar>
2685 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Ts" />
2686 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Tennessine" />
2687 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named for the American state of Tennessee which is home to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Vanderbilt University whom were co-discoverers of this element. Historically known as eka-astatine.</scalar>
2688 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">0.99 0.00 0.07</array>
2689 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
2690 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">2010</scalar>
2691 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Russian scientists at Dubna (JINR);American scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Vanderbilt University.</array>
2692 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2693 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">7</scalar>
2694 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p5</scalar>
2695 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Halogen</scalar>
2696 </atom>
2697 <atom id="Og">
2698 <scalar dataType="xsd:Integer" dictRef="bo:atomicNumber">118</scalar>
2699 <label dictRef="bo:symbol" value="Og" />
2700 <label dictRef="bo:name" xml:lang="en" value="Oganesson" />
2701 <scalar dataType="xsd:float" dictRef="bo:mass" units="units:atmass">294</scalar>
2702 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:nameOrigin" xml:lang="en">Named in honor of Professor Yuri Oganessian's trans-actinide element research. Historically known as eka-radon, eka-emanation before 1960.</scalar>
2703 <array title="color" dictRef="bo:elementColor" size="3" dataType="xsd:float">1.00 0.00 0.06</array>
2704 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:periodTableBlock">p</scalar>
2705 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter="," size="2" dictRef="bo:discoveryCountry">ru,us</array>
2706 <scalar dataType="xsd:date" dictRef="bo:discoveryDate">2002</scalar>
2707 <array dataType="xsd:string" delimiter=";" size="2" dictRef="bo:discoverers">Russian scientists at Dubna (JINR);American scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.</array>
2708 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:period">7</scalar>
2709 <scalar dataType="xsd:int" dictRef="bo:group">8</scalar>
2710 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:electronicConfiguration">[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p6</scalar>
2711 <scalar dataType="xsd:string" dictRef="bo:family">Noblegas</scalar>
2712 </atom>
2713 </list>