Warning, /documentation/digikam-doc/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/asset_management/data_protection.po is written in an unsupported language. File is not indexed.

 #
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: Digikam Manual 8.0.0\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
 "POT-Creation-Date: 2023-12-30 00:35+0000\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: 2022-12-29 18:31+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: KDE Francophone <kde-francophone@kde.org>\n"
 "Language-Team: French <kde-francophone@kde.org>\n"
 "Language: fr\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:1
 msgid "Protect Your Images from Data Corruption and Loss"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:1
 msgid ""
 "digiKam, documentation, user manual, photo management, open source, free, "
 "learn, easy, disk errors, disk failures, power surges, ECC, transmission "
 "errors, storage media deterioration, recovery, redundancy, disaster "
 "prevention, lifetime, temperature, data size, common myths, metadata, IPTC "
 "stored in image files, XMP files associated, keep the originals, storage, "
 "scalability, media, retrieval of images and metadata, copying image data "
 "over to the next generation of media, applications, operating systems, "
 "virtualization, viewing device, use of the www, ZFS, BTRFS"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:14
 msgid "Data Corruption and Loss"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:16
 msgid "Contents"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:19
 msgid "Main Factors of Digital Data Loss"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:21
 msgid ""
 "Of course we're not talking about losing Blue-rays on the road or in a fire "
 "- that kind of loss is just the same as traditional paper copies or "
 "negatives. We are talking about problems with the so called *New Media*."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:23
 msgid ""
 "Problems with digital data can roughly be categorized into the following "
 "areas of concern:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:25
 msgid ""
 "The physical deterioration of the media (all media deteriorate at different "
 "time scales)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:27
 msgid "Undetected transmission errors during data transfer."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:29
 msgid ""
 "The lack of support for long-date, undoubtedly proprietary, digital formats."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:31
 msgid "Ancient hardware."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:33
 msgid ""
 "Kroll Ontrack, the worlds largest data recovery firm, have some interesting "
 "statistics on what actually causes data loss."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:36
 msgid "Cause of data loss"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:36
 msgid "Perception"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:36
 msgid "Reality"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:38
 msgid "Hardware or system problem"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:38
 msgid "78%"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:38
 msgid "56%"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:39
 msgid "Human error"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:39
 msgid "11%"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:39
 msgid "26%"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:40
 msgid "Software corruption or problem"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:40
 msgid "7%"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:40
 msgid "9%"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:41
 msgid "Computer viruses"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:41
 msgid "2%"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:41
 msgid "4%"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:42
 msgid "Disaster"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:42
 msgid "1-2%"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:45
 msgid "So let us analyze those cases step by step."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:50
 msgid "Storage Deterioration"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:52
 msgid ""
 "Devices listed below are sorted by data speed access feature, from the less "
 "faster to the most faster."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:55
 msgid "Magnetic Media"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:57
 msgid ""
 "Magnetic tapes are used in backup systems, much more in professional "
 "environments than in home use. Tapes have issues with data retention and "
 "changing technology, but they are safer in one aspect than optical drives: "
 "they are less exposed to scratches and dirt and writing deficiencies. On the "
 "other hand they are susceptible to magnetic fields. Throw a magnet next to a "
 "tape and it's gone. Tapes should be re-copied every 5-8 years, otherwise too "
 "many bits will fail and escape the checksum protection. The downside of "
 "magnetic tapes is often the recorder price and the restore time (20x longer "
 "than from HDD). Tape backup system have seen their best days."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:60
 msgid "Optical Drives"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:62
 msgid ""
 "Physical deterioration of the media happens more rapidly with paper and CD-"
 "Rs than the average of film. Yet while film lasts longer (sometimes decades "
 "longer) than other forms of media, the right kind of backup of digital media "
 "never loses anything. Film decays - digital 1's and 0's do not, and film "
 "starts to decay the moment it's created and developed. It will never have "
 "the same color, contrast, etc. that it did have a moment before. Digital "
 "doesn't do that. However, digital is susceptible to corruption. And yes, "
 "physical media such as floppies and magnetic hard drives are also "
 "susceptible to the decay of the medium, just like CDs are. They just last "
 "longer."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:64
 msgid ""
 "To combat the problem of optical drives, they need to be properly cared for "
 "and not trusted for more than a few years. Thankfully you can purchase "
 "archive-quality CDs and DVDs which last longer, though they are much more "
 "difficult to obtain and are much more expensive. There are offers out there "
 "for gold-plated optical drive, few euros a piece claiming 100 years storage "
 "life (if you care to believe it)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:66
 msgid ""
 "Optical disks may become unreadable, but you can reduce the risk using good "
 "disks and a good recorder, and storing them in a correct way. The best "
 "optical drive recorders are not much more expensive than the cheapest, but "
 "they write in a much more reliable way. It's a matter of choosing the right "
 "one."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:68
 msgid ""
 "Essentially, optical drives are very prone to errors, even in a freshly "
 "written state. That's why they are heavily protected with a checksum "
 "mechanism (75% of data are effective data, the rest is formatting and "
 "checksum overhead). But even with that massive amount of protection they "
 "will suffer deterioration from chemical aging, ultra-violet exposure, "
 "scratches, dust, etc."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:70
 msgid ""
 "For damaged optical drives, Wikipedia `list all common applications <https://"
 "en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_recovery#List_of_data_recovery_software>`_ "
 "designed to get data from damaged floppies, hard drives, flash media such as "
 "camera memory and USB drives, and so forth."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:72
 msgid ""
 "Dual-layer optical media Blu-ray disk can store 50 GB, almost six times the "
 "capacity of a dual layer DVD at 8.5 GB. Everything that has been said about "
 "CDs/DVDs applies to Blu-ray disks as well."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:74
 msgid ""
 "Best practice: burn them slowly with a good recorder on archive quality "
 "media in an open, non-proprietary format, read the data back to verify, "
 "label them with some descriptive text + date & author, lock them away where "
 "it is clean, dark, animal safe and dry. And do not forget to copy them over "
 "to the next generation of media before you throw away your last piece of "
 "hardware or software able to read them."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:77
 msgid "Hard Disks"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:79
 msgid ""
 "Hard Disk (HDD) manufacturers keep their statistics to themselves. A "
 "manufacturer guaranty buys you a new disk, but no data. Google for One has "
 "done a large scale study on `HDD <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
 "Hard_disk_drive>`_ failure mechanisms: `Disk Failures study <https://"
 "research.google.com/archive/disk_failures.pdf>`_."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:81
 msgid ""
 "In a nutshell: Disks run longest when operating between 35°C and 45°C, at "
 "lower temperatures the error rates increases dramatically. Controller parts "
 "(electronics) are the foremost sources of failure, SMART does not diagnose "
 "any of this. Some `SMART <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-Monitoring,"
 "_Analysis_and_Reporting_Technology>`_ errors are indicative of imminent "
 "failure, in particular scan errors and relocation counts. Lifetime "
 "expectancy is 4-5 years."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:83
 msgid ""
 "In general and contrary to intuition or ecological considerations, running a "
 "hard drive permanently results in a longer lifetime than switching it on and "
 "off all the time. It has even been reported that aggressive power management "
 "spinning down the drive can harm it quickly. Making it working hard shortens "
 "the lifetime somewhat. The worst factors for HDD probably are vibrations, "
 "shocks, and cold temperatures."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:85
 msgid ""
 "If your disk is making weird noises, normal file recovery software isn’t "
 "going to work. Do a quick backup if that is going to happen to you. (Use dd "
 "utility if possible, not a normal file backup since dd reads in a smooth, "
 "spiraling stream from beginning to end and doesn't stress the mechanics). "
 "There are specialist companies that can recover data from otherwise "
 "destroyed drive, but they are very expensive."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:87
 msgid ""
 "Linux `SmartMonTools <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartmontools>`_ suite "
 "allows to query the storage hardware devices for future failure. We highly "
 "recommend to use this kind of tool on your computer."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:90
 msgid "Solid State Drives"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:92
 msgid ""
 "`SSDs <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_drive>`_ are mechanically "
 "more robust than HDDs and suffer much less on that front when they are "
 "plugged into the computer. They will replace HDD in time as capacity, "
 "robustest, and price become more and more a good solution as permanent data "
 "storage devices."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:94
 msgid ""
 "In case of use as external device, one major cause for data loss (often "
 "recoverable) is the unsafe removal of SSDs from a computer. Before data is "
 "saved from a computer memory to any attached device, it remains for some "
 "time in buffers. In hard drives this means seconds at most, whereas with "
 "SSDs it can be tens of minutes. Therefore, before you disconnect a flash "
 "device, always activate data flushing through software (often called *safely "
 "remove device*)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:97
 msgid "Non-Volatile Memory"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:99
 msgid ""
 "`NVM Express (NVMe) <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NVMe>`_ for Non-Volatile "
 "Memory is a logical-device interface for accessing a computer's non-volatile "
 "storage media attached PCI Express (PCIe) bus. It use same very fast NAND "
 "flash memory used in SSDs, but use the M.2 cards interface instead the "
 "slower mSATA used with older HDDs."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:101
 msgid ""
 "NVMe allows host hardware and software to fully exploit the levels of "
 "parallelism possible in modern SSDs. NVMe reduces I/O overhead and brings "
 "various performance improvements relative to previous SSDs. mSATA interface "
 "protocols were developed for use with far slower HDDs where a very lengthy "
 "delay exists between a request and data transfer, where data speeds are much "
 "slower than RAM speeds."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:103
 msgid ""
 "For a viability viewpoint, as NVMe devices uses the same hardware than SSDs "
 "to store data, the robustness must be the same."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:107
 msgid ""
 "**In all cases SSDs or NVMe as internal devices are the more modern and "
 "efficient solution to host the digiKam databases and the collections.**"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:110
 msgid "Power Supply Failures"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:113
 msgid "Power Surges"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:115
 msgid ""
 "As much as 1% of all computers are affected by lightning and power surges "
 "every year."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:117
 msgid ""
 "This is about total data loss due to power surges. Of course you can have "
 "the occasional data loss due to power loss before saving files. But those "
 "losses can normally be restored without major difficulty."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:119
 msgid ""
 "You don’t have to wait for the next thunderstorm to be concerned about how a "
 "sudden fluctuation in electric power may affect your computer system. Recent "
 "statistics have shown that as much as 63 percent of all electronics "
 "casualties are due to power problems, and most computers are subject to two "
 "or more power anomalies a day. Since power surges or blackouts can occur "
 "anywhere and at any time, it only makes sense to protect your computer by "
 "investing in some sort of surge protection device."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:122
 msgid "How Surges Happen"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:124
 msgid ""
 "A power surge occurs when the power line voltage increases over nominal "
 "values for more than 10 milliseconds. Sixty percent of all power surges are "
 "caused from within the home or office, generally when a device with a motor "
 "(such as a hair dryer, refrigerator, or water pump) shuts off and the power "
 "it was using is diverted elsewhere as excess voltage. The remaining 40 "
 "percent of power surges are generated by factors such as lightning, utility "
 "grid switching, line slapping, poor wiring, and so on."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:126
 msgid ""
 "While most average electricity-using devices are not affected by power "
 "surges, devices relying on computer chips and high-speed microprocessors are "
 "susceptible to serious damage. For your computer, power anomalies can result "
 "in keyboard lockup, complete data loss, hardware degradation, damaged "
 "motherboards, and more. Failure to protect yourself from the inevitable can "
 "result in a loss of both time and money."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:129
 msgid "Surge Protectors"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:131
 msgid ""
 "The most common defense against power surges is a surge protector or "
 "suppressor, a device that works by absorbing some of the excess energy and "
 "diverting the rest of it to the ground. These are usually found in the form "
 "of a power strip (one of those long devices that have six or so outlets and "
 "a single, grounded plug). Bear in mind, however, that not every power strip "
 "serves as a surge protector."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:133
 msgid ""
 "When selecting your surge protector, you want to be sure it is listed as "
 "meeting the UL 1449 standard, which guarantees a certain minimum of "
 "protection. You should also look for one that offers protection against "
 "lightning (not every one does) and provides insurance for equipment that is "
 "properly attached."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:135
 msgid ""
 "Because a power surge can follow any path to your computer, be sure that "
 "each peripheral connected to your system is protected. This includes your "
 "phone line or cable modem, as power can surge through these routes as well. "
 "A number of manufacturers are now producing surge suppressors that feature a "
 "phone jack for your modem along with the electrical outlets, while others "
 "have coaxial cable jacks for those who use a cable modem or TV tuner card."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:137
 msgid ""
 "If you have a notebook computer, you will want to carry a surge suppressor "
 "as well. A variety of suppressors designed specifically for notebooks are "
 "available, small in size and possessing both electric and phone outlets that "
 "make them ideal for use on the road."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:140
 msgid "Uninterruptible Power Supply"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:142
 msgid ""
 "While a surge suppressor will protect your system from minor fluctuations in "
 "the power lines, it won’t help you if the power should black out completely. "
 "Even an outage of just a few seconds can result in the loss of valuable "
 "data, so you might find it worthwhile to invest in an **Uninterruptible "
 "Power Supply** (UPS)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:144
 msgid ""
 "Besides serving as surge suppressors, these devices automatically switch to "
 "battery power when a power outage occurs, giving you the opportunity to save "
 "data and shut down your system. Some models will even allow you to keep "
 "working until power is restored. When purchasing a UPS, be sure that it has "
 "the same qualities that you would seek in a surge suppressor, but also check "
 "out the battery life and included software."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:146
 msgid ""
 "Considering the potential risk to your computing system, ensuring its safety "
 "from power disturbances is a worthwhile investment. A quality surge "
 "suppressor or a 500W UPS are not too expensive for the peace of mind you’ll "
 "gain knowing your computer is well protected. In the very least pull all "
 "lines to your computer when you go on holidays."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:149
 msgid "Safeguarding Policy"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:152
 msgid "Web Storage Services"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:154
 msgid ""
 "Amazon Web Services includes S3 - Simple Storage Service. With appropriate "
 "configuration, you can mount S3 as a drive on Linux, Mac, and Windows "
 "systems, allowing you to use it as a backup destination for your favorite "
 "software. Google Shared Storage is another popular offer where one can store "
 "infinite amount of data."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:156
 msgid ""
 "It is expensive compared to hard drives at home. And you have to transfer "
 "the images over the (a comparatively slow) Internet."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:158
 msgid ""
 "We think as a safeguard against localized data loss of the most essential "
 "images it's not a bad idea at all, but it is not a general backup solution, "
 "much too slow for that."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:160
 msgid ""
 "Google Photo, and Flickr provide online storage services specialist on "
 "photographie. Their free space is limited and you don't want to have full "
 "resolution images online. But the pro-accounts offer more."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:162
 msgid ""
 "In terms of data retention the web space solution is probably pretty safe. "
 "Transmission errors are corrected (thanks to the TCP protocol) and the big "
 "companies usually have backup included plus distributed storage so that they "
 "are disaster proof within themselves."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:168
 msgid "digiKam Provide a Tool to Export Items to iNaturalist Web Service"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:171
 msgid "Transmission Errors"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:173
 msgid ""
 "Data does not only get lost from storage devices, it also gets lost when "
 "traveling inside the computer or across networks (although the network "
 "traffic itself via TCP is error protected). Errors occur on buses and in "
 "memory spaces. Consumer hardware has no protection against those bit errors, "
 "whereas it is worthwhile to look into such. You can buy ECC (error code "
 "correction) protected memory (which is expensive, granted). With `ECC RAM "
 "<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECC_memory>`_ at least the memory will be "
 "scrubbed for single bit errors and corrected. Double bit errors would escape "
 "that scheme but they occur too infrequently."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:179
 msgid "The Data Workflow Between Application and Storage Media"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:181
 msgid ""
 "This diagram depicts the transmission chain elements in a computer, all "
 "transitions are susceptible to transmission errors. The Linux `ZFS <https://"
 "en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZFS>`_ and `BTRFS <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
 "Btrfs>`_ file system at least ensure the OS to disk path of data integrity "
 "under Linux."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:183
 msgid ""
 "The Byte Error Rate (BER) for memory and transmission channels is in the "
 "order of 1 in 10 Million (10E-7 bit). That just means that 1 in 3000 images "
 "has an error only due to transmission problems. Now how dramatic that is for "
 "an image is left to chance, it could mean that the image is destroyed or "
 "that a pixel somewhere changed its value, due to the compression used on "
 "almost all images one cannot predict the gravity of a single bit error "
 "impact. Often one sees some partial images instead of the full image."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:185
 msgid ""
 "The worst of all that is that nobody tells you when a transmission error "
 "occurs, not your hardware. All those glitches go down unheard until one day "
 "you open the photograph, and to your surprise it's broken. It is quite "
 "worrisome that there should be no protection within a computer, nobody seems "
 "to have thought of it. The Internet (TCP protocol) is much saver as a data "
 "path than inside a computer."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:187
 msgid ""
 "Flaky power supplies are another source of transmission losses because they "
 "create interference with the data streams. With normal files systems those "
 "errors go unnoticed."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:193
 msgid "The Storage Media Number of Failure Per Year"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:195
 msgid ""
 "Even if you are not overly concerned today with transmission problems, have "
 "a look into the future at illustration. Already in 2010 we'll see thousands "
 "of errors per year."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:198
 msgid "Future of File-systems"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:200
 msgid ""
 "`ZFS <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZFS>`_ from Oracle seems to be one of "
 "two candidates to deal with disk errors on a low level, and it is highly "
 "scalable. It is Open Source, heavily patented, comes with an GPL "
 "incompatible license, and is available on Linux and macOS."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:202
 msgid ""
 "Oracle has also started an initiative with its `BTRFS <https://en.wikipedia."
 "org/wiki/Btrfs>`_ file system. It employs the same protection technique as "
 "**ZFS** does, and it's available on Linux."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:205
 msgid "Human Errors"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:208
 msgid "Theft And Accidents"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:210
 msgid ""
 "Do not underestimate it. Those two factor account for 86% of notebook and "
 "46% for desktop system data losses. For notebooks, theft counts for 50% "
 "alone."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:213
 msgid "Malware"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:215
 msgid ""
 "Data loss due to viruses is less grave than common wisdom make you believe. "
 "It accounts for less damage than theft or re-installations, for example. And "
 "it is limited to Microsoft OS users. Apple users experience very few viruses "
 "and under Linux they haven't been around for quite some time now."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:218
 msgid "Human and Data Loss"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:220
 msgid ""
 "Human error, as in everything, is a major problem in data loss. Take a deep "
 "breath and stop. Panic is a common reaction, and people do really stupid "
 "things. Experienced users will pull the wrong drive from a `RAID <https://en."
 "wikipedia.org/wiki/RAID>`_ array or reformat a drive, destroying all their "
 "information. Acting without thinking is dangerous to your data. Stop "
 "stressing about the loss and don’t do anything to the disk. Better yet, stop "
 "using the computer until you have a plan. Sit down and explain you plan to a "
 "laymen or better, laywoman. You will be amazed how many stupid ideas you'll "
 "discover yourself in such an exercise."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:222
 msgid ""
 "If your disk is making weird noises, normal file recovery software isn’t "
 "going to work. Do a quick backup if that is going to happen to you. If the "
 "drive is still spinning and you can’t find your data, look for a data "
 "recovery utility and backup to another computer or drive. An Universal and "
 "powerful solution can be to use  `CloneZilla open-source suite <https://en."
 "wikipedia.org/wiki/Clonezilla>`_. The important thing is to download them "
 "onto another drive, either on another computer, or onto a USB thumb drive or "
 "hard disk. It is good practice to save the recovered data to another disk. "
 "`dd tool <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dd_(Unix)>`_ is your friend on Linux "
 "systems."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:225
 msgid "Common Myths Dispelled"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:227
 msgid "We would like to dispel some common myths:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:229
 msgid ""
 "Open Source file systems are less prone to data loss than proprietary "
 "systems: Wrong, NTFS is rather a tiny notch better than ext4, ReiserFs, JFS, "
 "XFS, to name just the most popular file systems that often come as default "
 "storage format disk used by distributions."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:231
 msgid ""
 "Journalize files systems prevent data corruption/loss: Wrong, they only "
 "speed up the scan process in case of a sudden interrupt during operation and "
 "prevent ambiguous states. But if a file was not entirely saved before the "
 "mishap, it'll be lost."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:233
 msgid ""
 "`RAID <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAID>`_ systems prevent data corruption/"
 "loss: Mostly wrong, **RAID 0 and 1** prevent you from nothing, **RAID 5** "
 "can prevent data loss due to disk-failures (but not from disk or file system "
 "errors). Many low-end RAID controllers (most mother board controllers are) "
 "don’t report problems, figuring you’ll never notice. If you do notice, "
 "months later, what is the chance that you’ll know it was the controller’s "
 "fault? One insidious problem is corruption of **RAID 5** parity data. It is "
 "pretty simple to check a file by reading it and matching the metadata. "
 "Checking parity data is much more difficult, so you typically won’t see "
 "parity errors until a rebuild. Then, of course, it is too late."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:235
 msgid ""
 "Viruses are the biggest thread to digital data: Wrong. Theft, and human "
 "errors are the primary cause of data loss."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:238
 msgid "Storage Volume Estimation"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:240
 msgid ""
 "Digital camera sensors are 1-2 aperture stops away from fundamental physical "
 "limitations. What we mean is this: as technology evolves, there is a natural "
 "limit to its progress. Sensitivity and noise characteristics for any kind of "
 "light sensor are not far from that limit."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:242
 msgid ""
 "Today's cameras tend towards 50 mega pixels sensors, although this "
 "resolution is already too high for compact cameras and deteriorates the end "
 "result. Given the sensor size and quality of optics, 12 mega pixels are "
 "optimum for compact cameras. Even DSLR cameras run into their limits at "
 "20-24 mega pixels, for higher resolutions one has to go for full frame "
 "sensors (24x36mm) or even bigger formats."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:244
 msgid ""
 "So, taking into account the manufacturer mega pixel propaganda it seems save "
 "to say that the bulk of future cameras will see less than 30 mega pixels. "
 "This gives us an estimation for the necessary storage space per photograph "
 "in the long run: <40 MB per image. Even if file versioning will be "
 "introduced (grouping of variations of a photograph under one file "
 "reference), the trend is to implement scripting of changes so that a small "
 "overhead will be recorded only and not a whole different image per version. "
 "With faster hardware this concept will see it's maturity quite soon."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:246
 msgid ""
 "In order to estimate the amount of storage space you have to plan for, "
 "simply determine the number of photographs you take per year (easy with :ref:"
 "`digiKam's timeline sidebar tab <timeline_view>`) and multiply it by 40 MB. "
 "Most users will keep less than 2000 pictures per year which requires less "
 "than 80 GB/year. Assuming that you will change your hard disk (or whatever "
 "media in the future) every 4-5 years, the natural increase in storage "
 "capacity will suffice to keep you afloat."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:248
 msgid ""
 "The more ambitious ones out there will need more space, much more maybe. "
 "Think of buying a file server, Giga-Ethernet comes integrated into "
 "motherboards today and it's a flick to fetch the files over the local "
 "network. Speaking about modern mobos: they now the capability to SATA media "
 "through an USB connectors. This makes it really a trifle to buy an external "
 "SATA drive and hook it up to your machine. 4000 GB drives will hit the "
 "market in 2020. These are terrific compact storage containers for backup "
 "swapping: keep one drive at home and one somewhere else."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:251
 msgid "Backup and Recover"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:253
 msgid ""
 "A 4 TB HDD is not very expensive today. Do not blame anybody else for data "
 "loss. 6% of all PCs will suffer an episode of data loss in any given year. "
 "Backup your data often according to a plan, and back it up and test the "
 "backup before you do anything dramatic like re-installing your OS, changing "
 "disks, resizing partitions and so on."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:256
 msgid "Disaster Prevention"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:258
 msgid ""
 "Say, you religiously do your backups every day on a external SATA drive. "
 "Then comes the day where lightning strikes. Happy you if the external drive "
 "was not connected at that moment."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:260
 msgid ""
 "Disasters strike locally and destroy a lot. Forget about airplane crashes: "
 "fire, water, electricity, kids and theft are dangerous enough to our data. "
 "They usually cover a whole room or house."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:262
 msgid ""
 "Therefore disaster control means de-localized storage. Move your backups "
 "upstairs, next house, to your bureau (and vise versa), whatever."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:264
 msgid ""
 "There is another good aspect to the physical separation: as said above, "
 "panic is often the cause of destroying data, even the backup data. Having a "
 "backup not at hand right away may safe your ass one day."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:267
 msgid "Backup Technicalities"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:269
 msgid ""
 "**Full Backup**: A complete backup of all the files being backed up. It is a "
 "snapshot without history, it represents a full copy at one point in time."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:271
 msgid ""
 "**Differential Backup**: A backup of only the files that have changed since "
 "the last full backup. Constitutes a full snapshot of two points in time: the "
 "full backup and the last differential one."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:273
 msgid ""
 "**Incremental Backup**: A backup of only the files that have changed since "
 "last whatever backup. Constitutes multiple snapshots. You can recreate the "
 "original state at any point in time such a backup was made. This comes "
 "closest to a versioning system except that it is only sampled and not "
 "continuous."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:276
 msgid "Backup The Data"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:278
 msgid "The Best practice at all is to backup the data:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:280
 msgid "Do a **full backup** in a external storage device."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:282
 msgid "Verify its **data integrity** and put it away (disaster control)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:284
 msgid "Have another storage device for **frequent backups**."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:286
 msgid ""
 "**Swap the devices** every other month after having verified data integrity."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:289
 msgid "A Useful Tool to Backups"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:291
 msgid ""
 "Linux `rsync <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync>`_ is a wonderful little "
 "utility that's amazingly easy to set up on your machines. Rather than have a "
 "scripted FTP session, or some other form of file transfer script - rsync "
 "copies only the differences of files that have actually changed, compressed "
 "and through ssh if you want to for security. That's a mouthful."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:293
 msgid "A reasonable backup approach for images could be this one:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:295
 msgid ""
 "Backup important images right away (after dumping them to a computer) to "
 "optical media."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:297
 msgid "Do daily incremental backup of the work space."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:299
 msgid ""
 "Do a weekly differential backup and delete integral backups of week-2 (two "
 "weeks ago)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:301
 msgid "Do a monthly differential backup and delete backup of month-2."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:303
 msgid ""
 "If not physically separated already, separate it now (swapping-in another "
 "backup drive)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:305
 msgid ""
 "This protocol tries to leave you enough time to spot losses and to recover "
 "fully at the same time keeping the backup volume at <130% of the working "
 "space. You end up with a daily version of the last 7-14 days, a weekly "
 "snapshot for at least one month, and a snapshot of every month. Any more "
 "thinning should be done by hand after a full verification. Preserve your "
 "images through the changes of technology and owners"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:308
 msgid ""
 "In order for your valuable images to **survive the next 40 years** or so "
 "(because that's about the time that you will become really interested to "
 "revisit those nice old photographs of you as a child, adolescent etc.) there "
 "are two strategies to be observed:"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:310
 msgid ""
 "**Keep up with technology**, don't lag behind more than a couple of years."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:312
 msgid "Save your photos in an open, **non-proprietary standard**."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:315
 msgid "Keep Up With Technology"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:317
 msgid ""
 "As the future is unforeseeable by nature, everything said today is to be "
 "taken with caution, and to be reviewed as we advance. Unfortunately there is "
 "no shortcut possible to some basic vigilance. Every 5-8 years at least one "
 "should ask oneself the question of backwards compatibility of current "
 "systems. The less variants we used in the past the less questions are to be "
 "answered in the future."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:319
 msgid ""
 "Of course every time you change your computer system (machine, operating "
 "system, applications, DRM) you have to ask yourself the same questions. "
 "Today, if you want to switch to Windows, you have to ask yourself three "
 "times if you still can import your pictures, and, more important so, if you "
 "are ever able to move them onto some other system or machine. Chances are "
 "good that you cannot. We see many people struggling around us, because "
 "Windows enforces a strict DRM regime. How can you proof to Windows that you "
 "are actually the owner of your pictures copyright?"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:321
 msgid ""
 "Basically the questions should be answered along the line explained in this "
 "document: use and change to open standards supported by a manifold of "
 "applications."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:323
 msgid ""
 "Virtualization becomes available now for everybody. So if you have an old "
 "system that is important for reading your images, keep it, install it as a "
 "virtual machine for later."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:325
 msgid ""
 "Otherwise the advice is quite simple: every time you change your computer "
 "architecture, your storage and backup technology, your file format, check it "
 "out, go through your library and convert to a newer standard if necessary. "
 "And keep to open standards."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:328
 msgid "Scalability"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:330
 msgid ""
 "Scalability is the tech-geek expression of the (easy) capability of a system "
 "to be resized, which always means up-sized."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:332
 msgid ""
 "Lets assume you planned for scalability and dedicated the container you want "
 "to increase to a separate disk or partition. On Linux system you then can "
 "copy and resize the container to the new disk."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:337
 msgid "Use Open File Formats"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:339
 msgid ""
 "The short history of the digital era in the past 20 years has proven over "
 "and over again that proprietary formats are not the way to go when you want "
 "your data to be intelligible 10 years into the future. Microsoft is "
 "certainly the well known culprit of that sort because of its domineering "
 "market share. But other companies are actually (if inadvertently) worse "
 "since they may not stay long enough in the market at all or have a small "
 "user/contributor base only. In the case of Microsoft one has at least the "
 "advantage of many people sharing the same problems. Finding a solution has "
 "therefore much more success. Still, in some cases Microsoft is using Open "
 "Source documentation to understand their own systems, so badly maintained "
 "have been their own documentation. Usually with any given MSoffice suite one "
 "cannot properly read a document created with the same application two major "
 "versions earlier."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:341
 msgid ""
 "Image formats have had a longer live time than office documents and are a "
 "bit less affected by obsolescence."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:343
 msgid ""
 "Open Source standards have the huge advantage of having an open "
 "specification. Even if one day in the future there'll be no software to read "
 "it anymore, one can recreate such software, a task becoming simpler every "
 "year."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:349
 msgid "digiKam Image Editor Default Save Settings For Common Image Formats"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:351
 msgid ""
 "**JPEG** has been around for a while now, and whilst it's a lossy format "
 "losing a bit every time you make a modification and save it, it is "
 "ubiquitous, supports JFIF, Exif, IPTC and XMP metadata, has good compression "
 "ratios and can be read by all imaging software. Because of its metadata "
 "limitation, lossy nature, absence of transparency and 8 bit color channel "
 "depth, we do not recommend it. JPEG2000 is better, can be employed lossless, "
 "but lacks in user base."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:353
 msgid ""
 "**GIF** is a proprietary. patented format and slowly disappearing from the "
 "market. Don't use it."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:355
 msgid ""
 "**PNG** has been invented as a Open Source standard to replace GIF, but it "
 "does much more. It is lossless, supports XMP, Exif and IPTC metadata, 16 bit "
 "color encoding and full transparency. PNG can store gamma and chromaticity "
 "data for improved color matching on heterogeneous platforms. Its drawback "
 "are a relatively big footprints (but smaller than TIFF) and slow "
 "compression. We recommend it."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:357
 msgid ""
 "**TIFF** has been widely accepted as an image format. TIFF can exist in "
 "uncompressed form or in a container using a lossless compression algorithm "
 "(Deflate). It maintains high image quality but at the expense of much larger "
 "file sizes. Some cameras let you save your images in this format. The "
 "problem is that the format has been altered by so many people that there are "
 "now 50 or more flavors and not all are recognizable by all applications."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:359
 msgid ""
 "**PGF** for Progressive Graphics File is another not so known but open file "
 "image format. Wavelet-based, it allows lossless and lossy data compression. "
 "PGF compares well with **JPEG 2000** but it was developed for speed "
 "(compression/decompression) rather than to be the best at compression ratio. "
 "At the same file size a PGF file looks significantly better than a JPEG one, "
 "while remaining very good at progressive display too. PGF format is used "
 "internally in digiKam to store compressed thumbnails in the database. For "
 "more information about the PGF format see the `libPGF homepage <https://"
 "libpgf.org/>`_"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:365
 msgid "digiKam Image Editor Raw Import Tool"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:367
 msgid ""
 "**RAW** format. Some, typically more expensive, cameras support RAW format "
 "shooting. The RAW format is not really an image standard at all, it is a "
 "container format which is different for every brand and camera model. RAW "
 "format images contain minimally processed data from the image sensor of a "
 "digital camera or image scanner. Raw image files are sometimes called "
 "digital negatives, as they fulfill the same role as film negatives in "
 "traditional chemical photography: that is, the negative is not directly "
 "usable as an image, but has all of the information needed to create an "
 "image. Storing photographs in a camera's RAW format provides for higher "
 "dynamic range and allows you to alter settings, such as white balance, after "
 "the photograph has been taken. Most professional photographers use RAW "
 "format, because it offers them maximum flexibility. The downside is that RAW "
 "image files can be very large indeed."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:369
 msgid ""
 "We recommend clearly to **abstain from archiving in RAW format** (as opposed "
 "to shooting in RAW format, which we recommend). It has all bad ingredients: "
 "many varieties and proprietary nature. It is clear that in a few years time "
 "you cannot use your old RAW files anymore. We have already seen people "
 "changing camera, losing their color profiles and having great difficulty to "
 "treat their old RAW files correctly. Better change to DNG format."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:371
 msgid ""
 "**DNG** or Digital Negative file format is a royalty free and open RAW image "
 "format designed by Adobe Systems. DNG was a response to demand for a "
 "unifying camera raw file format. It is based on the TIFF/EP format, and "
 "mandates use of metadata. A handful of camera manufacturers have adopted DNG "
 "already, let's hope that the main contenders Canon and Nikon will use it one "
 "day. `Apple ProRAW <https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211965>`_ format "
 "available since the iPhone 12 Pro Max is based on DNG."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:377
 msgid ""
 "digiKam Provide a Tool to Convert in Batch RAW to DNG in :ref:`Batch Queue "
 "Manager <dng_converter>`"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:379
 msgid ""
 "We strongly recommend converting RAW files to DNG for archiving. Despite the "
 "fact that DNG was created by Adobe, it is an open standard and widely "
 "embraced by the Open Source community (which is usually a good indicator of "
 "perennial properties). Some manufacturers have already adopted DNG as RAW "
 "format. And last not least, Adobe is the most important source of graphical "
 "software today, and they of course support their own invention. It is an "
 "ideal archival format, the raw sensor data will be preserved as such in TIFF "
 "format inside DNG, so that the risk associated with proprietary RAW formats "
 "is alleviated. All of this makes migration to another operating system a no-"
 "brainer."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:385
 msgid ""
 "digiKam Provide Tools to Convert RAW to DNG during :ref:`Download from "
 "Camera <camera_dngconvert>`"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:387
 msgid ""
 "**XML** for Extensible Mark-up Language or **RDF** for Resource Description "
 "Framework. XML is like HTML, but where HTML is mostly concerned with the "
 "presentation of data, XML is concerned with the *representation* of data. On "
 "top of that, XML is non-proprietary, operating-system-independent, fairly "
 "simple to interpret, text-based and cheap. RDF is the WC3's solution to "
 "integrate a variety of different applications such as library catalogs, "
 "world-wide directories, news feeds, software, as well as collections of "
 "music, images, and events using XML as an interchange syntax. Together the "
 "specifications provide a method that uses a lightweight ontology based on "
 "the Dublin Core which also supports the \"Semantic Web\" (easy exchange of "
 "knowledge on the Web)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:390
 msgid "IPTC Goes XMP"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:392
 msgid ""
 "That's probably one of the reasons why, around 2001, that Adobe introduced "
 "its XML based XMP technology to replace the *Image Resource Block* "
 "technology of the nineties. XMP stands for **Extensible Metadata Platform**, "
 "a mixture of XML and RDF. It is a labeling technology that lets users embed "
 "data about a file in the file itself, the file info is saved using the "
 "extension :file:`*.xmp*` (signifying the use of XML/RDF)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:394
 msgid ""
 "`XMP <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extensible_Metadata_Platform>`_: As much "
 "as ODF will be readable forever (since its containing text is written in "
 "clear text), XMP will preserve your metadata in a clearly understandable "
 "format XML. No danger here of not being able to read it later. It can be "
 "embedded into the image files or as a separate accompanying file "
 "(**Sidecar** concept). XMP can be used in PDF, JPEG, JPEG2000, GIF, PNG, "
 "HTML, TIFF, Adobe Illustrator, PSD, Postscript, Encapsulated Postscript, and "
 "video files. In a typical edited JPEG file, XMP information is typically "
 "included alongside Exif and IPTC data."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:400
 msgid "digiKam can display XMP Contents from Image and Video"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:402
 msgid ""
 "Embedding metadata in files allows easy sharing and transfer of files across "
 "products, vendors, platforms, customers, without metadata getting lost. The "
 "most common metadata tags recorded in XMP data are those from the Dublin "
 "Core Metadata Initiative, which include things like title, description, "
 "creator, and so on. The standard is designed to be extensible, allowing "
 "users to add their own custom types of metadata into the XMP data. XMP "
 "generally does not allow binary data types to be embedded. This means that "
 "any binary data one wants to carry in XMP, such as thumbnail images, must be "
 "encoded in some XML-friendly format, such as Base-64."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:404
 msgid ""
 "Many photographers prefer keeping an original of their shots (mostly RAW) "
 "for the archive. XMP suits that approach as it keeps metadata separate from "
 "the image file. We do not share this point of view. There could be problems "
 "linking metadata file and image file, and as said above, RAW formats will "
 "become obsolete. We recommend using DNG as a container and putting "
 "everything inside."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:406
 msgid ""
 "The `Dublin Core Metadata Initiative <https://www.dublincore.org/>`_ is an "
 "open organization engaged in the development of interoperable online "
 "metadata standards that support a broad range of purposes and business "
 "models. DCMI's activities include work on architecture and modeling, "
 "discussions and collaborative work in DCMI Communities and DCMI Task Groups, "
 "annual conferences and workshops, standards liaison, and educational efforts "
 "to promote widespread acceptance of metadata standards and practices."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:412
 msgid "digiKam Support Sidecar Files With many Options From Settings Panel"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:415
 msgid "Protect Your Data"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:417
 msgid "Use surge protectors (UL 1449 standard), possibly combined with a UPS."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:419
 msgid ""
 "Use ECC memory to verify correct data transmission (even just saving files)."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:421
 msgid "Watch your hard drives (temperature, noise...), make backups."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:423
 msgid "Keep backups at another location, locked up, use web storage space."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:425
 msgid "Use archival media and burners."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:427
 msgid ""
 "Don't panic in case of data loss, explain your recovery plan to a layperson."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:429
 msgid ""
 "Choose you file system, partitions, folders to cater for easy scalability."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:431
 msgid "Use open, non-proprietary standards to manage and save photographs."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../asset_management/data_protection.rst:433
 msgid "Do a technology/migration review at least every 5 years."
 msgstr ""